Journal
NATURE CHEMISTRY
Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages 310-316Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/NCHEM.2444
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Funding
- German Science Foundation (Research Cluster Nanosystems Initiative Munich)
- Free State of Bavaria (Research Network SolTech)
- European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC Grant Agreement [321339]
- DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
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Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) formed by connecting multidentate organic building blocks through covalent bonds provide a platform for designing multifunctional porous materials with atomic precision. As they are promising materials for applications in optoelectronics, they would benefit from a maximum degree of long-range order within the framework, which has remained a major challenge. We have developed a synthetic concept to allow consecutive COF sheets to lock in position during crystal growth, and thus minimize the occurrence of stacking faults and dislocations. Hereby, the three-dimensional conformation of propeller-shaped molecular building units was used to generate well-defined periodic docking sites, which guided the attachment of successive building blocks that, in turn, promoted long-range order during COF formation. This approach enables us to achieve a very high crystallinity for a series of COFs that comprise tri- and tetradentate central building blocks. We expect this strategy to be transferable to a broad range of customized COFs.
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