Journal
BIOMOLECULES
Volume 13, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom13091412
Keywords
blueberry extracellular vesicles; stability; in vitro digestion; storage; LC-MS/MS
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In this study, blueberry extracellular vesicles (B-EVs) were collected and purified, and their stability during food storage and processing conditions was evaluated. The results showed that B-EVs had desirable properties and could affect human intestinal function.
Plant extracellular vesicles (P-EVs) are considered promising functional food ingredients due to their various health benefits. In this study, blueberry extracellular vesicles (B-EVs) were collected and purified by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). The chemical compounds in B-EV extracts were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. In addition, the stability of B-EVs was evaluated during short- and long-term storage, heating, and in vitro digestion. The results showed that the B-EVs had a desirable particle size (88.2 & PLUSMN; 7.7 nm). Protein and total RNA concentrations were 582 & PLUSMN; 11.2 & mu;g/mL and 15.4 & mu;g/mL, respectively. The optimal storage temperatures for B-EVs were 4 & DEG;C and -80 & DEG;C for short- and long-term storage, respectively. Fluorescent labeling and qRT-PCR tests showed that B-EVs could be specifically internalized by Caco-2 cells, whereas virtually no cytotoxic or growth-inhibitory effects were observed. B-EVs down-regulated the expression levels of IL-1 & beta; and IL-8 and up-regulated the expression levels of NF-& kappa;& beta; and TLR5 in Caco-2 cells. Overall, the results proved that the intact structure of B-EVs could be preserved during food storage and processing conditions. B-EVs had the ability to reach the human intestine through oral delivery. Moreover, they could be absorbed by intestinal cells and affect human intestinal function.
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