Journal
VACCINES
Volume 11, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091395
Keywords
immune response; polymer chemistry; antigen; drug delivery; functional moiety; cancer; autoimmunity; polymer
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Activation of the immune system is crucial for designing new antigen/drug delivery systems and studying disease pathogenesis. Polymers are often needed to assist in controlling the release of antigens and efficiently activating the immune system. Different functional groups of polymers have different applications, such as protein-based antigens and nucleic acid-based antigens. Polymers can also be used in cancer immunotherapy and developing disease models.
Activation of the immune system is a needed for designing new antigen/drug delivery systems to develop new therapeutics and for developing animal disease models to study the disease pathogenesis. A weak antigen alone is insufficient to activate the immune system. Sometimes, assistance in the form of polymers is needed to control the release of antigens under in vivo conditions or in the form of an adjuvant to activate the immune system efficiently. Many kinds of polymers from different functional groups are suitable as microbial antigens for inducing therapeutic immune responses against infectious diseases at the preclinical level. The choice of the functionality of polymer varies as per the application type. Polymers from the acid and ester groups are the most common types investigated for protein-based antigens. However, electrostatic interaction-displaying polymers like cationic polymers are the most common type for nucleic acid-based antigens. Metal coordination chemistry is commonly used in polymers designed for cancer immunotherapeutic applications to suppress inflammation and induce a protective immune response. Amide chemistry is widely deployed in polymers used to develop antigen-specific disease models like the experimental autoimmune arthritis murine model.
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