Oxidative stress genes define two subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer with prognostic and therapeutic implications

Article Oncology

Mitochondrial mutations and mitoepigenetics: Focus on regulation of oxidative stress-induced responses in breast cancers

Kuo Chen et al.

Summary: This article discusses the role of epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cancer cells and the potential use of mtDNA modifications as novel targets for breast cancer treatment.

SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY (2022)

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Article Oncology

Landscape of cancer-associated fibroblasts identifies the secreted biglycan as a protumor and immunosuppressive factor in triple-negative breast cancer

Shaoquan Zheng et al.

Summary: This study reveals the important role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in TNBC and their correlation with tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment. The researchers also identify biglycan (BGN), a soluble secreted protein, as an upregulated marker in CAFs and suggest its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in TNBC.

ONCOIMMUNOLOGY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Cancer statistics in China and United States, 2022: profiles, trends, and determinants

Changfa Xia et al.

Summary: The study compared the latest cancer profiles, trends, and determinants between China and the USA in 2022. China has a higher incidence of lung cancer, while the USA has more cases of breast cancer. Recent years have seen a significant decrease in lung and colorectal cancer rates in the USA, while liver cancer rates have slightly increased. In China, rates for stomach, liver, and esophageal cancer have decreased gradually, but colorectal cancer rates have increased for the whole population.

CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL (2022)

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Article Medicine, Research & Experimental

Pyroptosis-related lncRNAs are potential biomarkers for predicting prognoses and immune responses in patients with UCEC

Jinhui Liu et al.

Summary: Two clusters were identified, with one showing better prognosis and higher infiltration level; A prognostic signature was established through multiple Cox regression analysis, accurately predicting UCEC; High risk score was associated with reduced immune infiltration and T cells exhaustion, while patients with low risk score had a sensitive response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS (2022)

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Review Cell Biology

An Epigenetic Role of Mitochondria in Cancer

Yu'e Liu et al.

Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in both energy supply and regulation of key metabolites involved in epigenetic regulation. Tumorigenesis is influenced by gene mutations and the tumor microenvironment, with mitochondria and epigenetics being essential for tumor initiation, evolution, metastasis, and recurrence. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism and epigenetics holds promise for cancer treatment.

CELLS (2022)

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Article Oncology

Increased expression of glutamine transporter SNAT2/SLC38A2 promotes glutamine dependence and oxidative stress resistance, and is associated with worse prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer

Matteo Morotti et al.

Summary: The study identified SLC38A2 as a highly expressed amino acid transporter in breast cancer cell lines and showed that SLC38A2 knockdown inhibited cell growth in Gln-sensitive cell lines. High expression of SLC38A2 was associated with poor breast cancer specific survival, particularly in TNBC patients.

BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER (2021)

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Review Chemistry, Medicinal

Oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants - An overview on their chemistry and influences on health status

Aurelia Magdalena Pisoschi et al.

Summary: This review paper examines the chemistry of oxidative stress mitigation by antioxidants, highlighting the crucial role of balancing pro-oxidant and antioxidant species. It discusses the association between oxidative stress and various diseases, elucidating the types, mechanisms, and defense strategies of antioxidants.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

High density lipoproteins and oxidative stress in breast cancer

Gabriele Mazzuferi et al.

Summary: Breast cancer is a major cause of female mortality, with recent studies focusing on the role of lipoproteins, cholesterol metabolism alterations, and oxidative stress in the molecular mechanism of the disease. Low levels of HDL-C have been suggested as a risk factor for breast cancer, but conflicting results have been reported. Alterations in enzyme activity associated with HDL and higher levels of lipid peroxidation markers in breast cancer patients suggest dysfunctional HDL may play a role in the disease.

LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE (2021)

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Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Oxidative Stress and ROS-Mediated Signaling in Leukemia: Novel Promising Perspectives to Eradicate Chemoresistant Cells in Myeloid Leukemia

Silvia Trombetti et al.

Summary: Myeloid leukemic cells are intrinsically under oxidative stress due to impaired ROS homeostasis, and the redox-dependent signaling pathways play a crucial role in the leukemogenic process. New chemotherapy options that target cellular redox imbalance are discussed as an effective strategy to eradicate chemoresistant cells.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Integrated analysis identifies oxidative stress genes associated with progression and prognosis in gastric cancer

Zhengyuan Wu et al.

Summary: This study identified key oxidative stress (OS) genes associated with the prognosis and progression of gastric cancer (GC) and constructed a prognostic model with better diagnostic accuracy than other clinicopathological characteristics. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed key OS genes significantly associated with GC progression. The results provide valuable insights into potential applications of OS-associated genes in GC patients.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2021)

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Article Oncology

Integrated analysis reveals prognostic value of HLA-I LOH in triple-negative breast cancer

Yi-Fan Zhou et al.

Summary: This study systematically characterized the HLA-I status in triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and found that HLA-I loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is an independent prognostic biomarker, especially for patients with non-immune-inflamed tumors. HLA-I LOH tumors had upregulated mutational signature 3 scores and homologous recombination deficiency scores, indicating DNA repair failure, higher mutation and neoantigen loads, and more subclones, contributing to poor immune selection pressure.

JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER (2021)

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Article Biology

Modulation of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition after AGTR-1 Gene Edition by Crispr/Cas9 and Losartan Treatment in Mammary Tumor Cell Line: A Comparative Study between Human and Canine Species

Marina Gobbe Moschetta-Pinheiro et al.

Summary: Breast cancer, the most common tumor type in women and female dogs, is characterized by the EMT process which leads to metastasis. Inhibiting AGTR1 with losartan can suppress angiogenesis and control metastasis. The study showed that both losartan and AGTR-1 gene edition can modulate the EMT process in mammary tumor cells, reducing invasion and DNA repair.

LIFE-BASEL (2021)

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Review Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Targeting oxidative stress in disease: promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy

Henry Jay Forman et al.

Summary: Oxidative stress plays a role in various diseases, and understanding the mechanisms behind antioxidants and how to enhance antioxidant defences may lead to greater pharmacological success.

NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY (2021)

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Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

F1012-2 Induced ROS-Mediated DNA Damage Response through Activation of MAPK Pathway in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Lingjie Dai et al.

Summary: The study demonstrated that F1012-2 effectively inhibited cell migration, invasion, and induced significant DNA damage in TNBC, possibly triggering the MAPK pathway through ROS accumulation, showing potential therapeutic effects.

BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Activation of the eIF2α/ATF4 axis drives triple-negative breast cancer radioresistance by promoting glutathione biosynthesis

Xupeng Bai et al.

Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype, and radiotherapy is an effective treatment option. However, acquired radioresistance is a major challenge. The integrated stress response (ISR) pathway is found to be highly activated in radioresistant TNBC cells, with the eIF2 alpha /ATF4 axis proposed as a potential therapeutic target.

REDOX BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Oncology