4.8 Article

Digital-Twins-Based Internet of Robotic Things for Remote Health Monitoring of COVID-19 Patients

Journal

IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
Volume 10, Issue 18, Pages 16087-16098

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2023.3267171

Keywords

Real-time systems; Robots; Monitoring; Internet of Things; COVID-19; Sensors; Navigation; Coronavirus disease (COVID-19); digital twins (DTs); Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT); Internet of Things (IoT); remote health monitoring (RHM); robot navigation; virtual reality (VR)

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This research proposes a real-time remote health monitoring system using virtual reality and Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT), which creates a virtual replica of the patient's status through digital twins and allows robots to collect patient data in the real environment. The system provides a user interface for medical examination and prevents direct interaction between medical staff and infected patients, ensuring the safety of medical staff.
The deadly coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has highlighted the importance of remote health monitoring (RHM). The digital-twins (DTs) paradigm enables RHM by creating a virtual replica that receives data from the physical asset, representing its real-world behavior. However, DTs use passive Internet of Things (IoT) sensors, which limit their potential to a specific location or entity. This problem can be addressed by using the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT), which combines robotics and IoT, allowing the robotic things (RTs) to navigate in a particular environment and connect to IoT devices in the vicinity. Implementing DTs in IoRT, creates a virtual replica [virtual twin (VT)] that receives real-time data from the physical RT [physical twin (PT)] to mirror its status. However, DTs require a user interface for real-time interaction and visualization. Virtual reality (VR) can be used as an interface due to its natural ability to visualize and interact with DTs. This research proposes a realtime system for RHM of COVID-19 patients using the DTs-based IoRT and VR-based user interface. It also presents and evaluates robot navigation performance, which is vital for remote monitoring. The VT operates the PT in the real environment (RE), which collects data from the patient-mounted sensors and transmits it to the control service to visualize in VR for medical examination. The system prevents direct interaction of medical staff with contaminated patients, protecting them from infection and stress. The experimental results verify the monitoring data quality (accuracy, completeness, and timeliness) and high accuracy of PT's navigation.

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