4.6 Review

An updated review on pathogenic coronaviruses (CoVs) amid the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants: A look into the repercussions and possible solutions

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review Medicine, General & Internal

Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 recombinants and emerging Omicron sublineages

Yuliang Wang et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is currently the predominant circulating virus in the COVID-19 pandemic. It responds to host immune pressure by developing advantageous mutations or genetic recombination, resulting in variants that are more contagious or better at evading immune responses. Recombination events between Omicron BA.1 (or BA.1.1) and Delta variant or BA.2 have been reported in coinfection cases. This review provides an update on Omicron sublineages, discusses the effectiveness of novel vaccines/therapeutic drugs against the Omicron variant, and explores the population-level recombination of SARS-CoV-2.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (2023)

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Structural and non-structural proteins in SARS-CoV-2: potential aspects to COVID-19 treatment or prevention of progression of related diseases

Sareh Kakavandi et al.

Summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a new member of the Coronaviridae family known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The proteins of SARS-CoV-2, including structural and non-structural proteins, play a crucial role in its infectivity and the development of chronic diseases. These proteins interact with specific targets and stimulate pathological pathways, contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and various cancers. Inhibiting these interactions with certain compounds could potentially be effective in preventing COVID-19 and related diseases.

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Article Microbiology

Molecular In-Depth on the Epidemiological Expansion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB.1.5

Fabio Scarpa et al.

Summary: Since the beginning of the pandemic, new variants have been emerging, and the XBB.1.5 SARS-CoV-2 variant is one of the most recent. This study aimed to assess the potential hazard of this new subvariant using a comprehensive approach that integrates genetic variability, phylodynamics, and structural/immunoinformatic analyses. The findings suggest that XBB.1.5 spreads more slowly compared to previous concerning variants and does not pose a high risk of viral expansion.

MICROORGANISMS (2023)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Structure genomics of SARS-CoV-2 and its Omicron variant: drug design templates for COVID-19

Can-rong Wu et al.

Summary: The tireless efforts of scientists globally have greatly enhanced our understanding of the biology of coronaviruses, with structural biology playing a key role in uncovering structures and functions of viral proteins and guiding drug and vaccine development. The importance of structure in drug discovery to combat COVID-19 has been highlighted, while attention is needed on the implications of Omicron variants on existing vaccines and antibody therapies.

ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Usage of peptidases by SARS-CoV-2 and several human coronaviruses as receptors: A mysterious story

Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi et al.

Summary: Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, use various host receptors for cell entry. The choice of peptidases as receptors by some HCoVs may be related to their widespread presence on target cells and the viruses' preference for molecules with relatively low affinity as well as evolutionary conservation of these receptors allowing the viruses to switch between host species. Additionally, this selection process may reflect the trial and error nature of evolution.

BIOTECHNOLOGY AND APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY (2022)

Review Virology

Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: Genomics, transmissibility, and responses to current COVID-19 vaccines

Yusha Araf et al.

Summary: The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 is a heavily mutated virus with a high risk of infection. Limited information is available regarding the genomics, transmissibility, and effectiveness of vaccines against this variant, emphasizing the need for further investigation.

JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Rapid epidemic expansion of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in southern Africa

Raquel Viana et al.

Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in southern Africa has experienced three distinct waves, driven by different variants. The recently identified Omicron variant has rapidly spread in South Africa and to numerous countries, raising global concern.

NATURE (2022)

Review Genetics & Heredity

SARS-CoV-2: tracing the origin, tracking the evolution

Konstantinos Voskarides

Summary: The origin of SARS-CoV-2 is still uncertain, with evidence supporting a bat origin but remaining inconclusive. Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 was present for many years prior to the pandemic, indicating the potential for other animal viruses to jump to humans. This is concerning due to increasing contact between humans and animals as ecosystems collapse. Additionally, the future adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 is a major concern as virus-host interactions are complex and predicting viral evolution remains challenging. However, the ongoing vaccination efforts provide hope for changing the evolutionary dynamics of the virus.

BMC MEDICAL GENOMICS (2022)

Review Immunology

Basic virology of SARS-CoV 2

V. Ravi et al.

Summary: This review focuses on the basic virology of SARS CoV-2, including its origin, structure, genomic characteristics, pathogenesis, immunological response, and clinical manifestation, as well as the key differences from previous coronaviruses.

INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY (2022)

Review Medicine, Research & Experimental

Mutations in the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: implications for COVID-19 severity and progression

Ahmed Ali Al-Qahtani

Summary: This narrative review examines genomic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 and how they impact the severity and progression of COVID-19. It discusses notable mutations associated with different proteins in the virus, as well as emerging variants in different countries. These mutations have the potential to influence viral replication and disease dynamics, providing valuable insights for therapeutic development.

JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH (2022)

Editorial Material Biochemical Research Methods

Unlocking capacities of genomics for the COVID-19 response and future pandemics

Sergey Knyazev et al.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, genomics and bioinformatics have become crucial tools in public health. They have been used to acquire genomic data that support global health responses, aid in the development of testing methods, and enable the timely tracking of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the rapid generation and analysis of genomic data present unique technical, scientific, and organizational challenges.

NATURE METHODS (2022)

Review Biology

Overview of SARS-CoV-2 genome-encoded proteins

Chongzhi Bai et al.

Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is a rapidly spreading enveloped RNA virus with 29 encoded proteins exhibiting high similarity to SARS-CoV proteins. Structural and functional research on SARS-CoV-2 proteins helps in understanding complex relationships between different components in the viral life cycle, aiding in the development of anti-CoV drugs and vaccines.

SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES (2022)

Review Veterinary Sciences

Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) and their emerging threats to swine population, inter-species transmission, exploring the susceptibility of pigs for SARS-CoV-2 and zoonotic concerns

Jigarji C. Thakor et al.

Summary: Swine coronaviruses (SCoVs) are highly destructive pathogens that affect farmers and the swine industry worldwide. They can infect pigs, other animals, and humans, causing severe diseases and even death. It is believed that bats are the origin of these viruses, and there is a possibility of emerging viruses with high zoonotic potential in the future. This review discusses various aspects of SCoVs, including epidemiology, virology, pathology, and highlights the emerging threats they pose to pig populations.

VETERINARY QUARTERLY (2022)

Article Infectious Diseases

Genomic surveillance to combat COVID-19: challenges and opportunities

Janet Robishaw et al.

Summary: While vaccines offer hope for recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, genomic surveillance is crucial in detecting and responding to virus variants in a timely manner to mitigate and contain outbreaks effectively.

LANCET MICROBE (2021)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Want to track pandemic variants faster? Fix the bioinformatics bottleneck Comment

Emma B. Hodcroft et al.

Summary: Researchers are in need of new approaches to control the pandemic as existing tools, rules, and incentives are struggling to cope with the flood of coronavirus genome sequences.

NATURE (2021)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

The origins of SARS-CoV-2: A critical review

Edward C. Holmes et al.

Summary: This article critically reviews the current scientific evidence to help clarify the origin of SARS-CoV-2. Recent debate has centered around two competing ideas: a laboratory escape scenario and zoonotic emergence.
Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Intranasal vaccines for SARS-CoV-2: From challenges to potential in COVID-19 management

Vivek P. Chavda et al.

Summary: Intranasal vaccines have advantages in targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection, eliciting immune responses, and avoiding infections, while also convenient for self-administration and storage at ambient temperatures.

DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY (2021)

Review Virology

Evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants

Jalen Singh et al.

Summary: This review examines the origins of all known human coronaviruses, the evolutionary trajectory of SARS-CoV-2, and the emerging mutations within SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. It also highlights the impact of these mutations on virus transmission, pathogenicity, and neutralization by natural or vaccine-mediated immunity.

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Genome Composition and Divergence of the Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Originating in China

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China coronavirus: cases surge as official admits human to human transmission

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The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the feces of COVID-19 patients

Yifei Chen et al.

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The many estimates of the COVID-19 case fatality rate

Dimple D. Rajgor et al.

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A Thermostable mRNA Vaccine against COVID-19

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Use of Corticosteroids in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Systematic Review of the Literature

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The SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein has a broad tropism for mammalian ACE2 proteins

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Global Epidemiology of Bat Coronaviruses

Antonio C. P. Wong et al.

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Corticosteroid Therapy for Critically Ill Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome

Yaseen M. Arabi et al.

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Genetic diversity of coronaviruses in bats in Lao PDR and Cambodia

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