Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1643-1649Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.08.002
Keywords
Measles; Seroprevalence; Measles vaccine; Immunogenicity; Safety
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Young healthcare workers with low measles antibody positivity rates after two doses of measles vaccine showed significantly higher seropositivity and increased neutralizing antibody titers following a third dose of measles vaccine. Additionally, the third dose enhanced measles virus-specific T-cell effector function in this population.
Background: Despite the low measles antibody positivity rate among young healthcare workers (HCWs) who have previously received two doses of a measles-containing vaccine (MCV), whether an additional dose of MCV acts as a booster remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the immune responses to a third dose of MCV in young HCWs.Methods: Hospital-wide measles seroprevalence was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The immunogenicity of a third dose of MCV was determined in young seronegative HCWs (born between 1986 and 1997) who had previously received a two-dose measles vaccination.Results: A total of 3033 (92.6%) HCWs had anti-measles immunoglobulin G. The lowest seropositivity rate was observed in HCWs aged 20-24 years (87.7%). In this group, HCWs who received a third dose of MCV had higher seropositivity than those who received a second dose (89.5% vs. 75.4%). A third dose of MCV was administered to 18 HCWs who did not have anti-measles IgG despite two doses. Neutralizing antibody titers increased significantly 4 weeks after the third vaccination. Although neutralizing antibody titers decreased 1 year post vaccination, 17 (94.4%) HCWs had medium (121-900 mIU/mL) or high (> 900 mIU/mL) levels. Furthermore, the third dose of MCV increased the measles virus-specific T-cell effector function.Conclusions: The third dose of MCV induced a strong immune response against measles in young seronegative HCWs who had previously received a two-dose measles vaccination.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences.
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