Enabling Climate Change Adaptation in Coastal Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Climate change poses increasingly severe risks for coastal ecosystems and coastal communities all around the globe. This condition requires implementing climate adaptation policy and advancing scientific knowledge to adapt to the current and future climate risks. However, implementing climate adaptation policy in coastal areas is still in its infancy. This paper provides insight into 650 peer-reviewed empirical research studies on coastal climate adaptation from the past two decades, providing global evidence on the status quo and distilling six relevant research gaps: (a) minimal contribution to the implementation phase of the adaptation policy cycle; (b) geographical imbalance toward specific ecoregions and coastal sub-systems; (c) less attention to regional scale; (d) lack of sectoral integration; (e) poor contextualization within policy and coastal governance instruments and management arrangements; (f) limited economic and financial focus. Therefore, this paper identifies areas where future empirical research can help fill current knowledge gaps and improve coastal communities' ability to adapt to climate change. This increased knowledge will enhance the resilience of coastal social-ecological systems in the face of environmental challenges.

Automated summary

Climate change poses severe risks to coastal ecosystems and communities worldwide. Implementing climate adaptation policies in coastal areas is still in the early stages, and there are several research gaps that need to be addressed. This paper analyzes 650 peer-reviewed empirical research studies on coastal climate adaptation and identifies areas where future research can improve knowledge and enhance the ability of coastal communities to adapt to climate change.