4.8 Article

Recyclable Thin-Film Soft Electronics for Smart Packaging and E-Skins

Journal

ADVANCED SCIENCE
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301673

Keywords

direct ink writing; e-waste; flexible electronics; green electronics; microchip integration; printed electronics; recyclable electronics; smart packaging; soft circuits

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Researchers have developed an eco-friendly conductive ink for thin-film circuitry, which has high electrical conductivity, printability, adhesion, resilience, and recyclability. They also demonstrated stretchable biostickers for on-skin electrophysiological monitoring and a recyclable smart package with integrated sensors for monitoring safe storage of perishable foods.
Despite advances in soft, sticker-like electronics, few efforts have dealt with the challenge of electronic waste. Here, this is addressed by introducing an eco-friendly conductive ink for thin-film circuitry composed of silver flakes and a water-based polyurethane dispersion. This ink uniquely combines high electrical conductivity (1.6 x 10(5) S m(-1)), high resolution digital printability, robust adhesion for microchip integration, mechanical resilience, and recyclability. Recycling is achieved with an ecologically-friendly processing method to decompose the circuits into constituent elements and recover the conductive ink with a decrease of only 2.4% in conductivity. Moreover, adding liquid metal enables stretchability of up to 200% strain, although this introduces the need for more complex recycling steps. Finally, on-skin electrophysiological monitoring biostickers along with a recyclable smart package with integrated sensors for monitoring safe storage of perishable foods are demonstrated.

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