Emergent challenges and opportunities in drug discovery and commercialization

We review medical economics literature presented at the 2023 annual AEA-ASSA convention, the largest gathering of economists worldwide. Pharmacoeconomic papers addressed a wide range of issues, including gender and racial gaps in clinical trials, hospital credit financing, drug rebates, covid-19 vaccine equality, and the opioid epidemic. Yet, they had some common identifiable themes. We examine them in the context of the twin towers of biopharmaceutical innovation: discovery and commercialization. Implementation outcomes and relative success of innovative solutions - whether in terms of products and services, structural design and arrangements, or policies - depend on how adequately they respond to questions and challenges that arise in drug discovery and commercialization, and who gains from them. That innovation's beneficiaries might not equally gain from its intended advantages is another unifying theme in the reviewed literature. Against this backdrop, biopharmaceutical innovation can breed new challenges and opportunities. And health policy can perform a critical, leveling function that reduces cost, increases access, and ensures quality of pharmacoeconomic solutions.

Automated summary

This article reviews the medical economics literature presented at the 2023 annual AEA-ASSA convention, focusing on pharmacoeconomic papers. It highlights the common themes and challenges in biopharmaceutical innovation, particularly in terms of discovery and commercialization. The article emphasizes the importance of health policy in ensuring cost reduction, increased access, and quality of pharmacoeconomic solutions.