4.6 Article

Effects of voluntary running on the skeletal muscle of rats with pulmonary artery hypertension

Journal

FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 14, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1206484

Keywords

voluntary running; physical effort; skeletal muscle; monocrotaline; gene expression

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The effects of voluntary running on skeletal muscle in rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were examined. Rats were induced with PAH using a single injection of monocrotaline (MCT). Sedentary hypertensive rats showed reduced physical exertion tolerance throughout the experiment, while those in the sedentary control, exercise control, exercise hypertension, and median exercise groups maintained or increased their tolerance. Muscle citrate synthase activity did not differ between groups. The EH group showed a higher survival time compared to the SH group. The EM and EH groups had a higher proportion of muscle fiber and lower extracellular matrix compared to the SH group. Gene expression analysis revealed lower PGC1-a expression and higher VEGF expression in the SH and EM groups compared to the SC group, with elevated PGC1-a expression in the EH group. The carbonylated protein levels did not differ between groups, but the TNF-a/IL-10 ratio was increased in the EH group. In conclusion, voluntary running improves the survival and physical tolerance in rats with MCT-induced PAH by increasing the proportion of muscle fiber and affecting gene expression of inflammatory and mitochondrial biogenesis markers.
The effects of voluntary running on the skeletal muscle of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) were tested in the present study. PAH was induced in rats by a single injection of monocrotaline (MCT, 60 mg/kg). Rats in the sedentary hypertension (HS) group had their tolerance to physical exertion reduced throughout the experiment, while those in the sedentary control (SC), exercise control (EC), exercise hypertension (EH) and median exercise (EM) groups maintained or increased. Despite that, the muscular citrate synthase activity was not different between groups. The survival time was higher in the EH (32 days) than in the SH (28 days) (p = 0.0032). SH and EH groups showed a lower percentage of muscle fiber and a higher percentage of extracellular matrix compared to control groups (p < 0.0001). However, the EM and EH groups presented higher percentage of muscle fiber and lower percentage of extracellular matrix than SH group (p < 0.0001). Regarding muscular gene expression, the SH and EM groups showed a lower expression of PGC1-a (p = 0.0024) and a higher expression of VEGF (p = 0.0033) compared to SC, while PGC1-a was elevated in the EH. No difference between groups was found for the carbonylated protein levels (p > 0.05), while the TNF-a/IL-10 ratio was augmented in the EH (p = 0.0277). In conclusion, voluntary running augments the proportion of fiber and affects the gene expression of inflammatory and mitochondrial biogenesis' markers in the skeletal muscle of rats with MCT-induced PAH, which benefits their survival and tolerance to physical effort.

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