Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 8, Issue 22, Pages 11403-11412Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01601d
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea - Korean Government [2012M3A7B4049986, 2013K2A1B8054379]
- KETEP grant - Korean Government Ministry of Knowledge Economy [20124010203270]
- Agency for Defense Development (ADD) of the Republic of Korea
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NiO is a wide band gap p-type oxide semiconductor and has potential for applications in solar energy conversion as a hole-transporting layer (HTL). It also has good optical transparency and high chemical stability, and the capability of aligning the band edges to the perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) layers. Ultra-thin and undoped NiO films with much less absorption loss were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with highly precise control over thickness without any pinholes. Thin enough (5-7.5 nm in thickness) NiO films with the thickness of few time the Debye length (L-D = 1-2 nm for NiO) show enough conductivities achieved by overlapping space charge regions. The inverted planar perovskite solar cells with NiO films as HTLs exhibited the highest energy conversion efficiency of 16.40% with high open circuit voltage (1.04 V) and fill factor (0.72) with negligible current-voltage hysteresis.
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