Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 8, Issue 39, Pages 17181-17189Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c6nr05745d
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Funding
- ifood program - Nanyang Technological University
- University of Sydney
- A*STAR under Singapore International Graduate Award
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Carbon-based nanomaterials have a great potential as novel antibacterial agents; however, their interactions with bacteria are not fully understood. This study demonstrates that the antibacterial activity of graphene oxide (GO) depends on the physiological state of cells for both Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. GO susceptibility of bacteria is the highest in the exponential growth phase, which are in growing physiology, and stationary-phase (non-growing) cells are quite resistant against GO. Importantly, the order of GO susceptibility of E. coli with respect to the growth phases (exponential >> decline > stationary) correlates well with the changes in the envelope ultrastructures of the cells. Our findings are not only fundamentally important but also particularly critical for practical antimicrobial applications of carbon-based nanomaterials.
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