beta-Nucleated Polypropylene: Preparation, Nucleating Efficiency, Composite, and Future Prospects

Article Polymer Science

Effect of sodium lignosulfonate/nano calcium carbonate composite filler on properties of isotactic polypropylene

Zi-Qiang Wang et al.

Summary: A novel composite filler SL/CaCO3 prepared by dry ball milling exhibited improved thermal properties and nucleation ability for isotactic polypropylene, resulting in enhanced mechanical properties.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2023)

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Article Polymer Science

High-quality modification of general polypropylene by the synergistic effect of zinc adipate, hydrotalcite, and polypropylene (SP179)

Liang Shen et al.

Summary: In this study, zinc adipate (ZnAA) was produced as a beta-nucleating agent and added to isotactic polypropylene (iPP) along with hydrotalcite (HT) and PP (SP179) to improve its notch impact strength, melting index, and tensile strength. The modified PP's structure and properties were investigated using various techniques and the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics were analyzed. The results showed that the modified PP exhibited improved impact resistance and can be applied in various fields with cost-effectiveness.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Thermodynamics

Influence of chemical structures of bisamide nucleating agents on the crystallization behavior and properties of isotactic polypropylene

Jiao Xiang et al.

Summary: This study investigates the applicability of different structural bisamide compounds as nucleating agents for iPP. DSC analysis shows that these agents have a clear impact on nucleus density in iPP, with better nucleation effect seen with even carbon numbers and cyclic side substitution. Further tests using WAXD and Materials Studio confirm the structure-nucleation effect relationship, while lattice matching theory suggests that the nucleating agents induce epitaxial growth of iPP on their surface.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2023)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Influence of β-nucleating Compound Agents on the Mechanical Properties and Crystallization Behavior of Polypropylene Random Copolymer

Yaxin Gu et al.

Summary: A novel polypropylene random (PPR) composite material with optimized properties was developed by adding beta-nucleating agents (rare earth complex WBG-2 and aryl amide derivative TMB-5) and a ternary compound modifier (TPE/WBG-2/CaCO3). The effects of different beta-nucleating agents and the ternary compound modifier on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of PPR were analyzed. The results showed that both WBG-2 and TMB-5 significantly improved the impact strength of PPR compared to pure PPR materials. The addition of beta-nucleating agents increased the crystallization temperature of PPR. The modified PPR prepared with the ternary compound modifier exhibited the most excellent comprehensive properties.

JOURNAL OF WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE EDITION (2023)

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Article Polymer Science

Investigation of the crystallization and mechanical properties of wood fiber/polypropylene composites nucleated by a self-assembly β-nucleating agent

Chao Lv et al.

Summary: This study investigates the use of a beta-nucleating agent, TMB-5, to improve the mechanical properties of isotactic PP. The addition of TMB-5 accelerates crystal nucleation and induces beta-crystal growth. The results show that TMB-5 can effectively improve the crystallization rate and mechanical properties of WF/isotactic PP composites.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2023)

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Article Thermodynamics

Effect of polyacrylic salt nucleating agents on the properties of isotactic polypropylene

Sheng Nie et al.

Summary: A series of polyacrylic salts were investigated as nucleating agents in isotactic polypropylene, and it was found that zinc polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, and sodium polyacrylate can induce beta-crystals and improve the impact strength of iPP, while having no significant effect on its tensile strength and flexural modulus.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2023)

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Article Polymer Science

Ethylene Comonomer-Directed Epitaxial Nucleation and Growth of β-Nucleated Isotactic Polypropylene

Liyuan Liu et al.

Summary: We investigated the epitaxial crystallization of S-nucleated isotactic polypropylene with minor topographic modification at the interface caused by the inclusion of an ethylene comonomer. Experimental results showed that the amount of ethylene comonomer reduced the fraction of S-crystal (KS) due to the decreased S-nucleation ability and growth rate of the S-crystal. Molecular mechanics simulation revealed that the topographic modification weakened the intermolecular interactions, affecting the epitaxial nucleation and growth kinetics. This study provides insights into the control of polymorphism through the design of nucleation and growth interfaces.

MACROMOLECULES (2023)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Synergistic effect of β-nucleating agent and layered double hydroxide on high toughness of polypropylene composites

Xincheng Guo et al.

Summary: The content ratio of layered double hydroxide (LDH) and beta-nucleating agent (CaHA), mechanical properties, and crystallization behaviors of PP/ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/LDH ternary composites are investigated. The highest notched impact strength is achieved in the 6PEL2 sample with CaHA of 0.03 phr and LDH of 5.70 phr, which is about 100% higher than that of pure PP. This is attributed to the highest relative content of beta-crystals in 6PEL2 and the formation of a large number of cavities absorbing the impact energy.

POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Effect of Shear Stress during Processing on Structure, Morphology, and Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene Nucleated with Silsesquioxane-Based β-Nucleating Agent

Mateusz Barczewski et al.

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of shear stress during real-life industrial processes on the crystallization of isotactic polypropylene nucleated with a silsesquioxane-based beta-nucleating agent. The samples were prepared by compression molding and injection molding, and the thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties were studied to evaluate the efficiency of the nucleating agents under shearing conditions. The results showed that both the silsesquioxane-based and commercial nucleating agents have similar effects on the formation of the hexagonal iPP phase, considering the shearing and cooling conditions.

MATERIALS (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Induction of the β-phase in isotactic polypropylene with pimelic acid modified graphene nanoplatelets

Diego Villarreal-Martinez et al.

Summary: In this study, graphene nanoplatelets (GnPs) were oxidized and functionalized with pimelic acid (PA). The chemical modification was confirmed by the presence of characteristic bands in the IR spectra and an increase in the D/G ratio in XRD and RAMAN. The modified GnPs were added to an iPP matrix and showed improved beta nucleating ability and enhanced visco-elastic properties, as indicated by DSC, WAXD, and DMA measurements. The impact strength of the nanocomposite was also significantly higher than the raw iPP.

FLATCHEM (2023)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Competing crystallization of α- and β-phase induced by β-nucleating agents in microdroplets of isotactic polypropylene

Enrico Carmeli et al.

Summary: A more quantitative method to study the efficiency of nucleating agents promoting polypropylene beta-phase is reported in this study. The findings show that the nucleating efficiency scale for alpha-phase is DCHT > TATA > QQ, while for beta-phase it is DCHT > QQ.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Effect of an active β-nucleating agent on the crystallization behavior of polypropylene random copolymer

Xixiang Zhang et al.

Summary: This study discovers the effective role of Zinc Suberate (ZnSA) in inducing the formation of beta-crystals for Polypropylene random copolymer (PPR). ZnSA decreases the size of spherulite and increases the crystallization rate. The Flash-DSC investigation reveals the influences of ZnSA on the isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization behavior of PPR.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Enhanced melt-recrystallization process of propylene-ethylene copolymer during the uniaxial stretching with the aid of isotactic polypropylene

Feng-Yang Wu et al.

Summary: The structural evolution of propylene-ethylene copolymer (coPP) and propylene-ethylene copolymer/polypropylene (coPP/iPP) films during a tensile process was studied. Both types of films showed melt-recrystallization during deformation. At low strain rate, molecular chains were easier to pull from the lattice, resulting in decreased crystallinity in the films. Interestingly, there was a difference in the growth process for lamellae between coPP and coPP/iPP samples.

POLYMER (2022)

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Article Thermodynamics

Organogelators with dual β- and α-nucleating ability in isotactic polypropylene

Flora Horvath et al.

Summary: This work presents the nucleation efficiency and special supermolecular structure formed in the presence of novel nucleating agents in isotactic polypropylene. The results show that these nucleating agents are partially soluble in iPP melt and possess dual nucleating ability. The formation of beta-phase is confirmed by calorimetric and thermo-optical measurements. These nucleating agents are the first organogelators with beta-nucleating efficiency.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Nucleation and crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene induced by zinc tetrahydrophthalate

Jingru Liu et al.

Summary: Zinc tetrahydrophthalate is a highly effective beta-nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene, significantly increasing the relative content of beta-crystal and reducing the nucleation barrier. The nucleation mechanism involves increasing nucleation density and rate, rather than accelerating crystal growth. Meanwhile, the introduction of zinc tetrahydrophthalate can improve impact strength and elongation at break of iPP without affecting tensile strength and flexural modulus.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

3D printing-enabled self-assembling β-nucleating agent alignment: Structural evolution and mechanical performances

Rui Han et al.

Summary: Achieving good alignment of fillers is crucial for the development of high-performance 3D printed objects. This study investigated the influence of printing speed on the alignment of self-assembling beta-nucleating agent (SANA(beta)) within the isotactic polypropylene (iPP) matrix, as well as the crystalline structure and mechanical properties of the printed samples. The results showed that the alignment of SANA(beta) was enhanced due to the converging nozzle effect, leading to the transformation of the crystal morphology and improved mechanical properties. The aligned SANA(beta) also helped maintain a high beta-crystal content, overcoming the limitations of rapid decrease in beta-crystal for iPP at high printing speeds.

POLYMER (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Characterization & Testing

Influence of isotactic polypropylene grafted with styryl-group on the polymer crystallization behavior

Qiang Wang et al.

Summary: 4-Furfuryloxymethylstyrene (S-f) grafted isotactic polypropylene (iPP-g-S-f) was prepared by melt grafting reaction. The crystallization temperature of iPP after grafting increased and the crystallization rate was accelerated, resulting in smaller crystal morphology. The introduction of a small amount of S-f groups reduced the surface free energy of the crystals.

POLYMER TESTING (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

A new insight into the formation of ß-crystals of isotactic polypropylene induced by zinc dicarboxylic acids

Xixiang Zhang et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates a new mechanism for the formation of ss-crystals in iPP, showing that ss-NAs can induce ss-crystal formation when the interfacial interaction between ss-NAs and iPP is comparable to that between ss-PP and iPP. This finding provides a theoretical basis for the design and preparation of new and high-efficiency ss-nucleating agents for improving the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of iPP.

POLYMER (2022)

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Review Polymer Science

Crystallization, structure, and properties of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR)/high-density polyethylene/polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride((HDPE/PP)-g-MAH) blends

Wenjun Shao et al.

Summary: This study compares the thermodynamic and crystallization behavior of PPR blends with or without MAH-grafted PP and HDPE. The results show that the addition of a small amount of MAH-grafted polymer significantly enhances the crystallization temperature of the system.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Tunable β-crystals formation from transcrystallinity to cylindrites at PP/PE interface via using melt penetration engineering

Ruiyan Zhang et al.

Summary: Transcrytallinity plays a critical role in interfacial crystalline morphology. Melt penetration engineering is utilized to tailor the interfacial polypropylene (PP) crystalline morphology from beta-transcrystals (beta-TC) to beta-cylindrites. Higher molecular weight polyethylene (PE) as the penetrated melt leads to the morphological transition from beta-TC to beta-cylindrites.

POLYMER (2022)

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Article Materials Science, Textiles

Keratin Modified and Functionalized as a Reinforcement and Nucleation Agent of β-Polypropylene Composites

Rodrigo Patino-Almanza et al.

Summary: A new green nucleating agent has been obtained from industrial waste and used in a polypropylene matrix. By chemically supporting pimelic acid on treated keratin fibers, a successful functionalization was achieved. The functionalized keratin fibers were found to promote the formation of a high percentage of beta crystals in the polypropylene matrix, resulting in improved thermomechanical properties.

JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

Enhancing Crystallization and Toughness of Wood Flour/Polypropylene Composites via Matrix Crystalline Modification: A Comparative Study of Two β-Nucleating Agents

Shupin Luo et al.

Summary: This research investigated the effect of introducing self-assembling beta-nucleating agents into the polypropylene matrix to improve the toughness of wood flour/polypropylene composites. The results showed that the nucleating agents effectively induced beta-crystal formation, decreased spherulite size, increased crystallization temperature, and accelerated the crystallization process. The addition of the nucleating agents significantly improved the toughness and crystallization of the composites.

POLYMERS (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

symbolscript Corresponding author. .

Xixiang Zhang et al.

Summary: In this work, a new mechanism for the formation of fi-crystals in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is demonstrated, providing a theoretical basis for the design of new and high-efficiency fi-nucleating agents (fi-NAs). The interfacial interaction between fi-NAs and iPP plays a crucial role in the formation of fi-crystals. The proposed method can predict and evaluate the fi-nucleation effect of NAs, serving as a theoretical guidance for the design of NAs that induce iPP with specific crystalline forms.

POLYMER (2022)

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Article Polymer Science

On isotactic polypropylene annealing: Difference in final properties of neat and β-nucleated polypropylene

Lenka Gajzlerova et al.

Summary: This study investigates the influence of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) molecular weight and thermal treatment on the crystalline structure and mechanical properties. The results indicate that under specific conditions, thermal treatment can improve the crystalline and mechanical properties of the polymer.

EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS (2022)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

The influence of melt status and beta-nucleation agent distribution on the crystallization of isotactic polypropylene

Pujing Chen et al.

Summary: In this study, the factors affecting beta-crystallization in beta-nucleating agent/iPP composites were investigated. The efficiency and stability of beta-crystals depended strongly on the melting temperature. The distribution of beta-nucleating agent and the presence of ordered structures in the polymer melt were found to be key factors affecting the formation of beta-crystals.

CRYSTENGCOMM (2022)

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Article Thermodynamics

Effect of β-nucleating agent on crystallization of wollastonite-filled recycled polypropylene composites

Qian Ding et al.

Summary: This study investigates the crystallization behavior, melting characteristics, and semicrystalline morphologies of wollastonite-filled recycled polypropylene (R-PP) composites with and without beta-nucleating agent. The addition of beta-nucleating agent can significantly increase the beta-phase content in wollastonite-filled R-PP composites, providing an effective method for achieving high value-added and low-cost recycling of R-PP.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

The relation between chemical structure of branched amide nucleating agents and nucleation effect in isotactic polypropylene

Min-Qiang Xia et al.

Summary: By studying the nucleation effect of different compounds and the impact of different substituent groups in nucleating agents on iPP, it was found that various amide compounds have different nucleating efficiencies in iPP and the factors affecting nucleation in iPP.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Effect of entanglement upon branching on dispersibility, β-nucleating and mechanically strengthening ability of polystyrene in isotactic polypropylene

Jingru Liu et al.

Summary: The incorporation of comb-like branched polystyrenes with different side chain lengths into isotactic polypropylene was found to enhance their beta-nucleating efficiency and mechanical strengthening ability. Short side chains were shown to facilitate interdiffusion between the branched polystyrene and isotactic polypropylene chains, leading to improved dispersibility and beta-nucleating efficiency in the matrix.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Structural evolution of β-iPP with different supermolecular structures during the simultaneous biaxial stretching process

Daoxin Zhang et al.

Summary: The study used two different supermolecular structures of beta-iPP cast films to investigate structural evolution during biaxial stretching, revealing different modes of structural evolution. Beta-hedrites showed elliptical crazes and dense regions, while beta-spherulites formed microfibrillar structures and abundant microvoids.

POLYMER JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Characterization & Testing

An approach for prediction optimum crystallization conditions for formation of beta polypropylene by response surface methodology (RSM)

Mina Farahani et al.

Summary: In this study, beta nucleating agent was synthesized and mixed with polypropylene, and their relationship was analyzed using Response Surface Methodology. DSC results showed a direct correlation between the enthalpy of fusion of beta crystals and the amount of beta-NA, while the sensitivity of the alpha polymorph to beta nucleating agent concentration increased with higher cooling rates. Optimal conditions for achieving maximum K-beta were identified for specific resin with MFR, beta-NA content, and cooling rate.

POLYMER TESTING (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Comparison of the Structural Evolution of β Polypropylene during the Sequential and Simultaneous Biaxial Stretching Process

Dao-Xin Zhang et al.

Summary: This study found that different stretching methods led to different lamellar structural evolution and microvoid variations in beta polypropylene (beta-PP). Simultaneous biaxial stretching resulted in better mechanical properties for the microporous membranes, compared to sequential biaxial stretching.

CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

Heterogeneous nucleation and self-nucleation of isotactic polypropylene with addition of nano-ZnO

Jingru Liu et al.

Summary: Nano-zinc oxide is an efficient beta-nucleating agent for isotactic polypropylene, promoting the formation of beta-crystal with certain concentration; The efficiency of nano-ZnO as a beta-nucleating agent is dependent on its concentration and dispersibility.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Effect of a novel bio-based β-nucleating agent on the properties of isotactic polypropylene

Hui Li et al.

Summary: The study showed that esterified lignin metal salts can serve as effective nucleating agents for isotactic polypropylene (iPP), resulting in increased crystallization temperature and improved toughness. Among them, EL-Zn exhibited strong beta-crystal induction ability to iPP, with potential applications in enhancing the mechanical properties of iPP composites.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Unexpected Improvement of Both Mechanical Strength and Elasticity of EPDM/PP Thermoplastic Vulcanizates by Introducing β-Nucleating Agents

Yucen Shen et al.

Summary: In this study, a beta-nucleating agent was introduced into TPVs to induce the formation of beta-PP crystals. The TPVs with beta-PP crystals showed significantly higher mechanical strength and elasticity compared to TPVs with alpha-PP crystals. Through the use of 2D-WAXD and AFM-NM techniques, the structure changes and deformation mechanisms of TPVs were carefully studied.

MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Failure mechanism of zinc adipate as a β-nucleating agent for polypropylene in the presence of calcium stearate

Wei Qin et al.

Summary: The physical interactions between zinc adipate and calcium stearate result in the loss of beta-nucleating ability, blocking the nucleation sites and hindering lattice matching in isotactic polypropylene. This leads to inhibition of the epitaxial crystallization process, decreasing the degree of beta-crystal formation and lowering the toughness of the resulting iPP.

POLYMER (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

The Friction of Structurally Modified Isotactic Polypropylene

Natalia Wierzbicka et al.

Summary: The study aimed to analyze the impact of heterogeneous nucleation on the tribological properties of modified isotactic polypropylene. It was found that hardness increased with higher nucleating agent content, while the friction coefficient depended on the nucleating agent content and forming temperature.

MATERIALS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

In-Situ Synchrotron X-ray Study on the Structure Variation of Morphology-Identified Injection-Molded β-Nucleated iPP under Tensile Deformation

Jianhong Chen et al.

Summary: The deformation behavior of semi-crystalline polymers is highly dependent on the morphology formed during processing, and the addition of beta-nucleating agents can enhance the formation of lamellar structures. Stretching leads to an increase in voids and cavities, as well as crystalline rearrangement.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Exploring the Effects of MXene on Nonisothermal Crystallization and Melting Behavior of β-Nucleated Isotactic Polypropylene

Wanxin Peng et al.

Summary: This study investigated the effects of MXene on non-isothermal crystallization and polymorphic behavior of beta-iPP/MXene composites. The results showed that MXene and beta-NA additives can enhance the crystallization temperature of composites, with MXene showing a more significant effect under rapid cooling. Additionally, the thermal stability of beta-crystals was found to improve with the addition of MXene.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Materials Science, Composites

Improved impact property of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene random copolymer composites toughened with beta-nucleating agent via tunning the crystallization and phase

Xujing Yang et al.

Summary: Crystallization and phase engineering can significantly improve the impact toughness and heat deflection temperature of long glass fiber-reinforced polypropylene random copolymer (LGF/PPR) composites by tuning the crystallization behavior and phase structure through introducing beta-nucleating agent (beta-NA). The introduction of beta-NA increases the impact strength of beta-PPR and beta-LGF/PPR/MPPR, paving the way for preparing LGF/PPR composites with high-impact toughness. The study reveals the influence of LGF and beta-NA on the nucleation and crystallization mechanism of the PPR matrix, establishing a correlation with tensile and impact properties.

POLYMER COMPOSITES (2021)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Effect of N,N′-Dicyclohexyldicarboxamide Homologues on the Crystallization and Properties of Isotactic Polypropylene

Flora Horvath et al.

Summary: Application of nucleating agents is a versatile and industrially applied way to manipulate the crystalline structure of isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The investigated compounds are partially soluble nucleating agents that can influence the crystalline structure of iPP and develop a dendritic structure. Some nucleating agents can improve impact resistance and opacity.

ACS OMEGA (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Morphological Characteristics of β-Nucleating Agents Governing the Formation of the Crystalline Structure of Isotactic Polypropylene

Liyuan Liu et al.

Summary: The research investigated the impact of the morphological characteristics of N,N'-dicyclohexylterephthalamide (DCHT) on the polymorphic composition of isotactic polypropylene (iPP), showing that small-sized DCHT crystals have a greater influence on the formation of beta-crystals.

MACROMOLECULES (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

The effect of β-nucleating agent on the self-nucleation of isotactic polypropylene

Yang Yue et al.

Summary: The effect of beta-nucleating agent on the self-nucleation of isotactic polypropylene was systematically investigated in this study. It was found that the presence of beta-NA increased the transition temperatures and narrowed the temperature width of the self-nucleation domain of iPP. The increased thermal stability of ordered structures in iPP containing beta-NA may be related to the beta-alpha transformation occurred upon heating.

POLYMER (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Synergistic Effect of Pressurization Rate and β-Form Nucleating Agent on the Multi-Phase Crystallization of iPP

Wenxia Jia et al.

Summary: Using a homemade pressure device, the synergistic effect of pressurization rate and beta-form nucleating agent on the crystallization of isotactic polypropylene melt was explored. Different crystal phases of iPP were found to be influenced by the pressurization rate, with a competitive growth between beta- and gamma-iPP observed at specific rates. The presence of mesophase was also determined by the pressurization rate, with a theoretical model of pressurization-induced crystallization established to explain the process.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

An Effective Package of Antioxidants for Avoiding Premature Failure in Polypropylene Random Copolymer Plastic Pipes under Hydrostatic Pressure and High Temperature

Enrique Blazquez-Blazquez et al.

Summary: This study evaluates the behavior of three commercial PP-R pipes under various conditions, examining factors such as crystalline characteristics, the use and depletion of antioxidants, and the impact of different environments on the material. The success of a pipe depends on the homogeneous dispersion of components and proper use of antioxidants to avoid degradation.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Polymer Science

Composites of a Polypropylene Random Copolymer and Date Stone Flour: Crystalline Details and Mechanical Response

Amina Benarab et al.

Summary: The composites prepared with silanized DSF demonstrated excellent performance, including enhanced PPR crystallization, reduced hydrophilicity of the date stone flour, improved interfacial adhesion with the polymer, and enhanced mechanical properties.

POLYMERS (2021)

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Article Thermodynamics

Synergistic nucleation effect of calcium sulfate whisker and β-nucleating agent dicyclohexyl-terephthalamide in isotactic polypropylene

Yue-Fei Zhang et al.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Robust, transparent films of propylene ethylene copolymer through isotropic-orientation transition at low temperature accelerated by adjustment of ethylene contents

Sheng Yang et al.

POLYMER (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Physical

Ligno-Cellulosic Fibre Sized with Nucleating Agents Promoting Transcrystallinity in Isotactic Polypropylene Composites

Armin Thumm et al.

MATERIALS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Supramolecular Structure of Polypropylene Fibers Extruded with Addition of Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide

Jan Broda et al.

POLYMERS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Deformation-Induced Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene Sheets Containing a β-Nucleating Agent under Solid-State Stretching

Huajian Ji et al.

POLYMERS (2020)

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Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Enhanced Mechanical Toughness of Isotactic Polypropylene Using Bulk Molybdenum Disulfide

Vijay S. Wadi et al.

ACS OMEGA (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Dependence of β-crystal formation of isotactic polypropylene on crystallization conditions

Zhe He et al.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Heterogeneous Nucleation and Self-Nucleation of Isotactic Polypropylene Microdroplets in Immiscible Blends: From Nucleation to Growth-Dominated Crystallization

Bao Wang et al.

MACROMOLECULES (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Surfactant-assisted β-NA supramolecular self-assembly in mini injection molding PP composite

Chao Ding et al.

POLYMER (2020)

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Article Materials Science, Characterization & Testing

In situ synchrotron X-ray scattering studies on the temperature dependence of oriented β-crystal growth in isotactic polypropylene

Lijun Quan et al.

POLYMER TESTING (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

Joint effects of long-chain branching and specific nucleation on morphology and thermal properties of polypropylene blends

L. Gajzlerova et al.

EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

β-Nucleation of isotactic polypropylene: Chain structure effects on the effectiveness of two different nucleating agents

J. Wang et al.

EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS (2020)

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Article Polymer Science

The -, -, and -polymorphs of polypropylene-polyethylene random copolymer modified by two kinds of -nucleating agent

Jiaxin Fu et al.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2019)

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Article Engineering, Environmental

In situ formation of zinc phthalate as a highly dispersed β-nucleating agent for mechanically strengthened isotactic polypropylene

Wei Qin et al.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2019)

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Article Engineering, Chemical

Nacre-Mimetic Polypropylene Featuring Heterogeneous Distribution of Polymorphic Compositions via Controlled Diffusion of β-Nucleating Agent

Shaohong Shi et al.

INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

The influences of α/β compound nucleating agents based on octamethylenedicarboxylic dibenzoylhydrazide on crystallization and melting behavior of isotactic polypropylene

Yue-Fei Zhang et al.

POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES (2019)

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Article Thermodynamics

Effect of β-nucleating agent on crystallization of post-consumer polypropylene

Keming Zhu et al.

THERMOCHIMICA ACTA (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Chlorinated Water Induced Aging of Pipe Grade Polypropylene Random Copolymers

Joerg Fischer et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Engineering, Manufacturing

Modification of illite with calcium pimelate and its influence on the crystallization and mechanical property of isotactic polypropylene

Tiantian Song et al.

COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING (2019)

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Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

A novel approach of preparing zinc adipate as β-nucleating agent for polypropylene engineering

Wenli Peng et al.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Increased nucleation efficiency of an in situ-formed β-nucleating agent for impact polypropylene copolymer

Lan Chen et al.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Crystalline Modification of Isotactic Polypropylene with a Rare Earth Nucleating Agent Based on Ultrasonic Vibration

Dan Li et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Poly(Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene) as a Special β-Nucleating Agent on the Toughness of Isotactic Polypropylene

Jingru Liu et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Synergetic Toughening Effect of Carbon Nanotubes and -Nucleating Agents on the Polypropylene Random Copolymer/Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene- Styrene Block Copolymer Blends

Peng-Gang Ren et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Effect of surfactant assisted β-nucleating agent self-assembly on the crystallization of polypropylene

Chao Ding et al.

POLYMER (2019)

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Article Polymer Science

Investigation on the Effect of Hyperbranched Polyester Grafted Graphene Oxide on the Crystallization Behaviors of β-Nucleated Isotactic Polypropylene

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