Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 1690-1694Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04609
Keywords
Graphene; scanning gate microscope; image cyclotron orbits; magnetic focusing
Categories
Funding
- U.S. DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division [DE-FG02-07ER46422]
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-13-1-0211]
- Science and Technology Center for Integrated Quantum Materials, NSF [DMR-1231319]
- JSPS [2506]
- NSF NNIN award [ECS-00335765]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [2506, 25107004] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Electrons in graphene can travel for several microns without scattering at low temperatures, and their motion becomes ballistic, following classical trajectories. When a magnetic field B is applied perpendicular to the plane, electrons follow cyclotron orbits. Magnetic focusing occurs when electrons injected from one narrow contact focus onto a second contact located an integer number of cyclotron diameters away. By tuning the magnetic field B and electron density n in the graphene layer, we observe magnetic focusing peaks. We use a cooled scanning gate microscope to image cyclotron trajectories in graphene at 4.2 K. The tip creates a local change in density that casts a shadow by deflecting electrons flowing nearby; an image of flow can be obtained by measuring the transmission between contacts as the tip is raster scanned across the sample. On the first magnetic focusing peak, we image a cyclotron orbit that extends from one contact to the other. In addition, we study the geometry of orbits deflected into the second point contact by the tip.
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