Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 16, Issue 12, Pages 7849-7856Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04113
Keywords
Optical antenna; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); template stripping; gap plasmon; atomic layer deposition; atomic layer lithography
Categories
Funding
- Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Program
- National Science Foundation [1363334, 1610333, 1552642]
- Seagate Technology (MINT grant)
- MnDrive Initiative from the State of Minnesota
- 3M Science and Technology Fellowship
- University of Minnesota Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-06ER46348]
- European Research Council under the European Union [339905]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1363334] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys [1552642] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Electrical, Commun & Cyber Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1610333] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We present a novel plasmonic antenna structure, a split-wedge antenna, created by splitting an ultrasharp metallic wedge with a nanogap perpendicular to its apex. The nanogap can tightly confine gap plasmons and boost the local optical field intensity in and around these opposing metallic wedge tips. This three-dimensional split wedge antenna integrates the key features of nanogaps and sharp tips, i.e., tight field confinement and three-dimensional nanofocusing, respectively, into a single platform. We fabricate split-wedge antennas with gaps that are as small as 1 nm in width at the wafer scale by combining silicon V-grooves with template stripping and atomic layer lithography. Computer simulations show that the field enhancement and confinement are stronger at the tip-gap interface compared to what standalone tips or nanogaps produce, with electric field amplitude enhancement factors exceeding 50 when near-infrared light is focused on the tip-gap geometry. The resulting nanometric hotspot volume is on the order of lambda(3)/10(6). Experimentally, Raman enhancement factors exceeding 10(7) are observed from a 2 nm gap split-wedge antenna, demonstrating its potential for sensing and spectroscopy applications.
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