Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on liver transplant waitlist outcome in France

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the outcome of patients on the liver transplantation (LT) waitlist in 2020 in France, in particular, the incidence of deaths and delisting for worsening condition, depending on the allocation score component. The 2020 cohort of patients on the waiting list was compared with the 2018/2019 cohorts. 2020 saw fewer LTs than in either 2019 or 2018 (1128, 1356, and 1325, respectively), together with fewer actual brain dead donors (1355, 1729, and 1743). In 2020, deaths or delisting for worsening condition increased significantly versus 2018/2019 (subdistribution hazard ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-1.7), after adjustment for age, place of care, diabetes, blood type, and score component, although COVID-19-related mortality was low. This increased risk mainly concerned patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (1.52, 95% CI 1.22-1.90), with 650 MELD exception points (2.19, 95% CI 1.08-4.43), and especially those without HCC and MELD scores from 25 to 30 (3.36 [95% CI 1.82-6.18]). In conclusion, by significantly decreasing LT activity in 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic increased the number of waitlist deaths and delisting for worsening condition, and significantly more for particular components of the score, including intermediate severity cirrhosis.

Automated summary

This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on liver transplantation waitlist patients' outcomes in France in 2020. The study compared the 2020 cohort with the 2018/2019 cohorts and found that there were fewer liver transplants and brain dead donors in 2020. The risk of deaths and delisting for worsening condition increased significantly in 2020, particularly for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and certain MELD score ranges.