SALA-LSTM: a novel high-precision maritime radar target detection method based on deep learning

Radar detection of maritime targets plays an important role in marine environment monitoring. For civil maritime detection in the areas of inshore coastal, pulse-compression radar is universally used owing to its low cost. The complex sea clutter in the practical application will greatly affect the received radar echoes. Due to the inability to accurately describe the differences in characteristics between sea clutter and maritime targets, the detection performance of methods based on mathematical derivation is not satisfactory in actual deployment. Recently, neural-based methods have made strides in many pattern recognition tasks, such as computer vision and natural language processing. The sophisticated deep neural models can be applied to different downstream tasks due to their powerful learning ability. Inspired by this idea, we propose a maritime radar target detection method in sea clutter based on deep learning. To better model the sequence correlation of radar echoes, we propose a Self-Adaption Local Augmented Long Short-Term Memory (SALA-LSTM) structure. The proposed SALA-LSTM integrates adaptive convolution into vanilla LSTM cells, which not only maintains the inherent overall sequence modeling ability of vanilla LSTM, but also strengthens its ability to perceive the correlation on a small scale in the local scope. Based on SALA-LSTM and other neural structures, we propose a radar target detection network. A measured dataset containing different typical scenarios is utilized to evaluate the detection probability and false alarm rate. The detection performance of our proposed network is superior to that of the existing methods.

Automated summary

Radar detection of maritime targets is important for marine environment monitoring. Pulse-compression radar is universally used for civil maritime detection in inshore coastal areas due to its low cost. However, the complex sea clutter affects the received radar echoes and traditional mathematical methods struggle to accurately differentiate sea clutter from maritime targets. Inspired by recent advancements in deep learning, the proposed SALA-LSTM structure integrates adaptive convolution to better model the sequence correlation of radar echoes and improves radar target detection performance.