Journal
NUTRIENTS
Volume 15, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/nu15153338
Keywords
Latino; glucose tolerance; obesity; sugar; metabolic disease; adolescents
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Pediatric obesity and cardiometabolic disease have a greater impact on minority communities. Sugar reduction interventions may improve insulin resistance, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers in Latino adolescents with obesity, thus reducing their risk of chronic diseases.
Pediatric obesity and cardiometabolic disease disproportionately impact minority communities. Sugar reduction is a promising prevention strategy with consistent cross-sectional associations of increased sugar consumption with unfavorable biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease. Few trials have tested the efficacy of pediatric sugar reduction interventions. Therefore, in a parallel-design trial, we randomized Latino youth with obesity (BMI = 95th percentile) [n = 105; 14.8 years] to control (standard diet advice) or sugar reduction (clinical intervention with a goal of =10% of calories from free sugar) for 12-weeks. Outcomes included changes in glucose tolerance and its determinants as assessed by a 2-h frequently sample oral glucose tolerance test, fasting serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, cholesterol:HDL), and inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, TNF-a). Free sugar intake decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group [11.5% to 7.3% vs. 13.9% to 10.7% (% Energy), respectively, p = 0.02], but there were no effects on any outcome of interest (p(all) > 0.07). However, an exploratory analysis revealed that sugar reduction, independent of randomization, was associated with an improved Oral-disposition index (p < 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.049), and TNF-a (p = 0.02). Dietary sugar reduction may have the potential to reduce chronic disease risks through improvements in beta-cell function, serum triglycerides, and inflammatory markers in Latino adolescents with obesity.
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