Journal
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39523-0
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Non-aqueous potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to the low cost and availability of potassium. This study characterizes the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of a non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solution and compares it to the Li-ion counterpart. The results show that KIBs have higher salt diffusion coefficients and cation transference numbers, indicating potential advantages in rate capability.
Non-aqueous potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) represent a promising complementary technology to lithium-ion batteries due to the availability and low cost of potassium. Moreover, the lower charge density of K+ compared to Li+ favours the ion-transport properties in liquid electrolyte solutions, thus, making KIBs potentially capable of improved rate capability and low-temperature performance. However, a comprehensive study of the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solutions is not available. Here we report the full characterisation of the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of a model non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solution system comprising potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) salt and 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) solvent and compare it with its Li-ion equivalent (i.e., LiFSI:DME), over the concentration range 0.25-2 molal. Using tailored K metal electrodes, we demonstrate that KFSI:DME electrolyte solutions show higher salt diffusion coefficients and cation transference numbers than LiFSI:DME solutions. Finally, via Doyle-Fuller-Newman (DFN) simulations, we investigate the K-ion and Li-ion storage properties for K divide divide graphite and Li divide divide graphite cells. K-ion batteries may have rate advantages over Li-ion batteries due to the larger size of the cation. Here, the authors characterize the ionic transport and thermodynamic properties of non-aqueous K-ion electrolyte solutions demonstrating higher K-ion mobility than the Li-ion counterpart.
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