4.7 Article

Antibacterial and enzyme inhibitory activities of flavan-3-ol monomers and procyanidin-rich grape seed fractions

Journal

JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
Volume 107, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105643

Keywords

Procyanidins; Flavan; ols; Epigallocatechin gallate; Starch digestion; Dietary fibre; Campylobacter; Lactobacillus; Ruminococcus

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This study aimed to determine the structure-function relationships of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols (procyanidins) in relation to their antimicrobial activity and inhibition of digestive enzymes. Antimicrobial activity against intestinal microorganisms increased in the order of catechin = epicatechin > epigallocatechin, and oligomeric procyanidins > epigallocatechin gallate. The inhibition of digestive enzymes from rat small intestine increased in the order of catechin < epicatechin and oligomeric procyanidins < epigallocatechin < epigallocatechin gallate.
This study aimed to determine structure-function relationships of monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols (procyanidins) with respect to their antimicrobial activity and their inhibition of digestive enzymes. Monomeric flacan-3-ols were purchased as reference compounds; oligomeric procyanidins were extracted from grape seeds, separated by high-performance counter-current chromatography and characterized by LC-MS/MS. The antimicrobial activity against a broad range of intestinal microorganisms increased in the order catechin = epicatechin > epigallocatechin and oligomeric procyanidins > epigallocatechin gallate. Facultative anaerobes were highly resistant while strict anaerobes including Allobaculum sp. and Ruminococcus gnavus were 10 - 100 times more sensitive. The inhibition of digestive enzymes from the rat small intestine increased in the order catechin < epicatechin and oligomeric procyanidins < epigallocatechin < epigallocatechin gallate. Trimeric and polymeric procyanidins were more inhibitory than dimeric procyanidins. Both the antimicrobial and enzyme-inhibitory activities of procyanidins and flavan-3-ols likely relate to their microbiome-modulating and health beneficial properties.

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