Dysregulated microRNAs as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy with a high incidence and fatality rate worldwide. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most important risk factors for its occurrence and development. Early detection of HBV-associated HCC (HBV-HCC) can improve clinical decision-making and patient outcomes. Biomarkers are extremely helpful, not only for early diagnosis, but also for the development of therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a subset of non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length, have increasingly attracted scientists' attention due to their potential utility as biomarkers for cancer detection and therapy. HBV profoundly impacts the expression of miRNAs potentially involved in the development of hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current progress on the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of HBV-HCC. From a molecular standpoint, we discuss the mechanism by which HBV regulates miRNAs and investigate the exact effect of miRNAs on the promotion of HCC. In the near future, miRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications will make their way into the clinical routine.

Automated summary

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have potential as biomarkers for early detection and therapy of HBV-associated HCC. This review summarizes the current progress on the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of HBV-HCC, discussing the mechanism by which HBV regulates miRNAs and the exact effect of miRNAs on HCC promotion. In the near future, miRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications will be integrated into clinical practice.