4.8 Article

Evaluation of wastewater-based epidemiology of COVID-19 approaches in Singapore's closed-system' scenario: A long-term country-wide assessment

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Review Environmental Sciences

Wastewater surveillance to infer COVID-19 transmission: A systematic review

Shimoni Shah et al.

Summary: The successful detection of SARS-COV-2 in wastewater suggests the potential of wastewater-based epidemiology for COVID-19 surveillance. A systematic review found that wastewater surveillance can serve as an early warning system for community transmission, with wastewater signals preceding confirmed cases by up to 63 days. Although wastewater surveillance cannot replace diagnostic testing, it can provide early signs of potential transmission for more proactive public health responses. Additional studies using standardized methods are needed to understand viral outbreak dynamics.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Review Environmental Sciences

Minimizing errors in RT-PCR detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA for wastewater surveillance

Warish Ahmed et al.

Summary: Monitoring pathogens like SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater using RT-PCR is effective for public health information, but there is a lack of standardized protocols for wastewater surveillance. Key strategies for improving accuracy include QA/QC measures, representative sampling, virus concentration, and clear data interpretation guidelines.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Article Medical Laboratory Technology

An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Molecular Diagnostics in Europe

Emma Davies et al.

CLINICS IN LABORATORY MEDICINE (2022)

Article Environmental Sciences

Early warning of a COVID-19 surge on a university campus based on wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 at residence halls

Yuke Wang et al.

Summary: As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, wastewater-based surveillance can provide early warning of outbreaks at institutions. However, weekly wastewater monitoring may not be sensitive enough to detect sporadic cases in residence buildings, although there is a correlation between the Ct values of wastewater samples and the number of COVID-19 patients.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater influent in relation to reported COVID-19 incidence in Finland

Ananda Tiwari et al.

Summary: Wastewater-based surveillance is a cost-effective method for monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic at a population level. This study in Finland monitored SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater samples from multiple treatment plants over a 10-month period. The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater was 79%, and the surveillance proved to be a reliable indicator for COVID-19 incidence, independent of clinical testing strategies or individual testing willingness.

WATER RESEARCH (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from wastewater solids in communities with low COVID-19 incidence and prevalence

Patrick M. D'Aoust et al.

Summary: In the absence of an effective COVID-19 vaccine, wastewater surveillance has emerged as a potential tool to track community infections. The study found that primary clarified sludge (PCS) samples are more suitable for quantifying SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA, while pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) is considered a potentially useful biomarker for normalizing SARS-CoV-2 signal.

WATER RESEARCH (2021)

Letter Infectious Diseases

Early detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases or outbreaks at nursing homes by targeted wastewater tracking

Laura Davo et al.

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION (2021)

Article Economics

Epidemics and trust: The case of the Spanish Flu

Arnstein Aassve et al.

Summary: The study suggests that the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918-19 may have had long-lasting effects on social trust for survivors and their descendants, showcasing the importance of trust as a crucial factor for long-term economic development.

HEALTH ECONOMICS (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 genes in water reclamation facilities: From influent to anaerobic digester

Bishav Bhattarai et al.

Summary: The study found that gene copy numbers of SARS-CoV-2 tend to concentrate in primary clarifier sludges before being removed through sedimentation. The gene copy numbers in influent and RAS are significantly correlated with the number of COVID-19 cases, indicating their potential for epidemiological monitoring. This research provides valuable insights into the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 gene copy numbers in biosolids and their relationship with reported COVID-19 cases throughout the wastewater treatment process.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Wastewater surveillance-based city zonation for effective COVID-19 pandemic preparedness powered by early warning: A perspectives of temporal variations in SARS-CoV-2-RNA in Ahmedabad, India

Manish Kumar et al.

Summary: This study conducted a three-month wastewater surveillance in Ahmedabad, India, and found variations in SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in different months, showing some correlation with the number of COVID-19 cases in the area.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

COVID-19 containment on a college campus via wastewater-based epidemiology, targeted clinical testing and an intervention

Walter Q. Betancourt et al.

Summary: Wastewater-based epidemiology has shown potential as an early-warning tool for detecting the presence of COVID-19 in communities. By utilizing wastewater testing, infected individuals were identified and isolated, thereby preventing potential disease transmission.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Estimating the minimum number of SARS-CoV-2 infected cases needed to detect viral RNA in wastewater: To what extent of the outbreak can surveillance of wastewater tell us?

Pei-Ying Hong et al.

Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the number of hospitalized cases and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater, revealing a weak correlation. The choice of which nucleocapsid gene to target in RT-qPCR testing also affects the results, with differences in gene abundances observed at different stages of wastewater treatment.

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH (2021)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

The effectiveness of public health interventions against COVID-19: Lessons from the Singapore experience

John P. Ansah et al.

Summary: The study utilized a modified SIR model to examine COVID-19 infection in Singapore, revealing that under containment intervention, the confirmed and actual infection cases were 52,053 and 86,041 respectively, with the actual cases being 1.65 times the confirmed cases.

PLOS ONE (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Catching a resurgence: Increase in SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA identified in wastewater 48 h before COVID-19 clinical tests and 96 h before hospitalizations

Patrick M. D'Aoust et al.

Summary: The study found that wastewater surveillance of COVID-19 can help predict increases in community cases and hospitalizations, providing an important complement to diagnostic testing in public health efforts.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 in municipal wastewater to evaluate the success of lockdown measures for controlling COVID-19 in the UK

Luke S. Hillary et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in wastewater generally corresponded with the number of clinical cases in large urban centers, decreasing significantly after lockdown measures were implemented. Genetic sequencing of the virus in wastewater revealed multiple distinct clusters circulating in the local population, reflecting similarities with SNPs found in clinical samples. The findings suggest that wastewater-based epidemiology can be a valuable tool for monitoring and tracking the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses in the community, aiding in public health policy decisions.

WATER RESEARCH (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Uncertainties in estimating SARS-CoV-2 prevalence by wastewater-based epidemiology

Xuan Li et al.

Summary: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a promising approach for estimating COVID-19 prevalence by detecting SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater, but methodological challenges could impact accuracy. Dividing WBE into five steps, this study quantified uncertainties at each step and found that using high-frequency flow-proportional sampling and actual water usage data reduced overall uncertainties to 20-40%, with analytical uncertainty being the dominant factor. Using surrogate viruses and improving analytical approaches could enhance reliability of WBE for monitoring COVID-19 prevalence.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Ahead of the second wave: Early warning for COVID-19 by wastewater surveillance in Hungary

Eszter Roka et al.

Summary: Wastewater based epidemiology is a potential early warning tool for the detection of COVID-19 outbreak. The sewage surveillance in Hungary showed effectiveness in predicting the second wave of the outbreak, even with relatively low frequency sampling.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Monitoring waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: Inferences from WWTPs of different sizes

M. Rusinol et al.

Summary: Wastewater based epidemiology was used to track SARS-CoV-2 spread in 10 wastewater treatment plants in Catalonia, Spain. Concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater correlated with diagnosed cases, with smaller WWTPs showing lower virus loads despite similar infection rates in served municipalities.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater with COVID-19 disease burden in sewersheds

Jennifer Weidhaas et al.

Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in wastewater, and highlighted the utility of wastewater epidemiology in assisting public health responses to COVID-19.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 across 40 US states from February to June 2020

Fuqing Wu et al.

Summary: Wastewater-based disease surveillance is a promising approach for monitoring community outbreaks. A nationwide campaign in the US found that SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in wastewater samples, with viral concentrations declining from April to May. The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater was positively associated with the size of wastewater treatment plant catchment areas.

WATER RESEARCH (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

COVID-19 surveillance data quality issues: a national consecutive case series

Cristina Costa-Santos et al.

Summary: This study focused on evaluating the quality issues of the Portuguese COVID-19 surveillance datasets, revealing problems with data completeness and consistency. It is essential to make major improvements in surveillance datasets to ensure accurate information for decision-making and research purposes.

BMJ OPEN (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Tools for interpretation of wastewater SARS-CoV-2 temporal and spatial trends demonstrated with data collected in the San Francisco Bay Area

Hannah D. Greenwald et al.

Summary: Wastewater surveillance can be used to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA, with reliable detection when daily new COVID-19 cases exceed 2.4 per 100,000 people. Evaluation of normalization biomarkers found crAssphage to have the least spatial and temporal variability. Trends in wastewater surveillance data reflect trends in COVID-19 disease occurrence.

WATER RESEARCH X (2021)

Article Orthopedics

The experience of contact tracing in Singapore in the control of COVID-19: highlighting the use of digital technology

Sean Han Sheng Lai et al.

Summary: Singapore utilizes digital technology for contact tracing, including the use of apps such as SafeEntry and TraceTogether to identify close contacts through digital footprints and Bluetooth connections. While digital contact tracing is likely to continue to play a role in current and future pandemics, it still requires manual work from human contact tracers for assistance.

INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS (2021)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

A water-focused one-health approach for early detection and prevention of viral outbreaks

Evan O'Brien et al.

ONE HEALTH (2019)

Review Chemistry, Analytical

Wastewater-based epidemiology biomarkers: Past, present and future

Phil M. Choi et al.

TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (2018)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Avian Influenza Virus RNA in Groundwater Wells Supplying Poultry Farms Affected by the 2015 Influenza Outbreak

Mark A. Borchardt et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS (2017)

Article Virology

Geographic variation in the eukaryotic virome of human diarrhea

Lori R. Holtz et al.

VIROLOGY (2014)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Sampling for PPCPs in Wastewater Systems: Comparison of Different Sampling Modes and Optimization Strategies

Christoph Ort et al.

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY (2010)

Editorial Material Environmental Sciences

Getting straight on what's flushed - Sewage Epidemiology measures community drug consumption

Tanya Tillett

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES (2008)

Article Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology

Multistate evaluation of an ultrafiltration-based procedure for simultaneous recovery of enteric microbes in 100-liter tap water samples

Vincent R. Hill et al.

APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (2007)