The dynamics of psychological attributes and symptomatic comorbidity of depression in children and adolescents

PurposeThis investigation aimed to explore attribute dynamics and symptomatic comorbidity of depression with internalizing, externalizing, and other personal-contextual problems in children and adolescents from a network analysis.MethodsWe tested an attribute network of regularized partial correlations, standard and alternative centrality measures, and comorbidity bridge symptoms according to centrality bridge measures.ResultsRegularized partial correlation network and a centrality measures graph shown the prominent position of social problems and anxiety-depression. Minimum spanning tree (MST) found a hierarchical dynamics between attributes where mixed anxiety-depression was identified as the core and the other attributes were hierarchically connected to it by being positioned in six branches that are differentiated according to their theoretical contents. The most central connections are established with the attributes of their own community or theoretical groups, and 37 bridge symptoms were identified in all networks.ConclusionsA significant role of mixed anxiety depression as an activator and intermediary of psychopathologies was supported as a central attribute of internalizing problems. Aggressive behavior as part of the broad externalizing dimension was one of the constructs that most intensively activate the network, and social problems were also distinguished as a relevant factor not only in terms of connections and central attributes but also in terms of bridge symptoms and comorbidity. This framework extends to the study of symptomatic comorbidity.

Automated summary

This investigation used network analysis to explore the dynamics and comorbidity of depression, internalizing, externalizing, and other personal-contextual problems in children and adolescents. The study found that social problems and anxiety-depression played prominent roles in the network. The hierarchical dynamics of attributes were identified and 37 bridge symptoms were discovered in all networks.