Reshaping Covalent Nanowires by Exploiting an Unexpected Plasticity Mediated by Deformation Twinning

Nanowires (NWs) are among the most studied nanostructures as they have numerous promising applications thanks to their various unique properties. Furthermore, the properties of NWs can be tailored during synthesis by introducing structural defects such as nano-twins, periodic polytypes, and kinks, i.e., abrupt changes in their axial direction. Here, this work reports for the first time the postsynthesis formation of such defects, achieved by exploiting a peculiar plasticity that may occur in nanosized covalent materials. Specifically, in this work the authors found that single-crystal CuO NWs can form double kinks when subjected to external mechanical loading. Both the microscopy and atomistic modeling suggest that deformation-induced twinning along the (1 over bar 10)$( {\bar{1}10} )$ plane is the mechanism behind this effect. In a single case the authors are able to unkink a NW back to its initial straight profile, indicating the possibility of reversible plasticity in CuO NWs, which is supported by the atomistic simulations. The phenomenon reported here provides novel insights into the mechanisms of plastic deformation in covalent NWs and offers potential avenues for developing techniques to customize the shape of NWs postsynthesis and introduce new functionalities. Covalent nanowires (NWs) are reshaped postsynthesis by exploiting an unexpected plasticity. Single-crystal CuO nanowires subjected to external mechanical loading can form double kinks, mediated by deformation-induced twinning along the (1 over bar 10)$( {\bar{1}10} )$ plane. Moreover, this plastic deformation process is possibly reversible, as found both in experiment and simulation.image

Automated summary

This research reports the formation of structural defects, such as nano-twins, periodic polytypes, and kinks, in covalent nanowires through exploitng a peculiar plasticity in nanosized covalent materials. Specifically, single-crystal CuO nanowires can form double kinks under external mechanical loading, which is attributed to deformation-induced twinning along the (1 over bar 10)$( {\bar{1}10} )$ plane. This reversible plastic deformation process provides new insights into plastic deformation mechanisms in covalent nanowires and offers potential for developing techniques to customize the shape of nanowires and introduce new functionalities.