Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for the simultaneous determination of tinidazole and chloramphenicol in food samples (egg, honey and milk)

In this study, an environmentally friendly, highly selective, and sensitive electrochemical sensor was developed for the simultaneous determination of tinidazole (TIN) and chloramphenicol (CAP) using a choline chloridemodified glassy carbon electrode (ChCl/GCE). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry techniques were utilized for electrochemical and morphological characterization. The proposed sensor showed an excellent performance with a wide linear range of 0.010-170 & mu;M and 0.005-300 & mu;M for TIN and CAP, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.90 nM and 3.0 nM for TIN and 0.27 nM and 0.89 nM for CAP, respectively. ChCl/GCE demonstrated remarkable selectivity over potentially interfering species, including antibiotics, organic and inorganic substances, as well as exceptional repeatability, reproducibility, and long-term stability. The sensor was successfully applied to simultaneously determine TIN and CAP in food samples (eggs, honey, and milk) with acceptable recovery values of 93.0-104 % and relative standard deviations (RSD) below 5 %. Therefore, the developed electrochemical sensor is an excellent alternative for simultaneously determining TIN and CAP in food samples.

Automated summary

In this study, a environmentally friendly, selective, and sensitive electrochemical sensor was developed for the simultaneous determination of tinidazole (TIN) and chloramphenicol (CAP). The proposed sensor showed excellent performance with a wide linear range and low detection limits, and demonstrated remarkable selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. The sensor was successfully applied to simultaneously determine TIN and CAP in food samples.