Journal
MOLECULES AND CELLS
Volume 39, Issue 9, Pages 654-662Publisher
KOREAN SOC MOLECULAR & CELLULAR BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0214
Keywords
chromosome; human disease; kinase; mitosis; protein phosphatase; therapeutics
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Funding
- National Research Foundation - Korean government (MEST) [2014R1A2A1 A10050775, 2016R1C1B2014438]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2016R1C1B2014438] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Almost all eukaryotic proteins are subject to post-translational modifications during mitosis and cell cycle, and in particular, reversible phosphorylation being a key event. The recent use of high-throughput experimental analyses has revealed that more than 70% of all eukaryotic proteins are regulated by phosphorylation; however, the mechanism of dephosphorylation, counteracting phosphorylation, is relatively unknown. Recent discoveries have shown that many of the protein phosphatases are involved in the temporal and spatial control of mitotic events, such as mitotic entry, mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome architecture changes and cohesion, and mitotic exit. This implies that certain phosphatases are tightly regulated for timely dephosphorylation of key mitotic phosphoproteins and are essential for control of various mitotic processes. This review describes the physiological and pathological roles of mitotic phosphatases, as well as the versatile role of various protein phosphatases in several mitotic events.
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