Journal
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
Volume 428, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2023.118794
Keywords
Drag model; Particle-laden flow; Turbulent channel flow; Interface-resolved simulations
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Data from IR-DNSs of upward turbulent channel flow laden with finite-size heavy particles are used to develop improved drag correlations accounting for turbulence effects. The contribution of drag nonlinearity to drag enhancement is analyzed, and several turbulence correction models are presented. Turbulent intensity, particle size, and slip velocity are found to be the most important factors in modeling the effect of turbulence on particle drag.
Data from the interfaced-resolved direct numerical simulations (IR-DNSs) of upward turbulent channel flow laden with finite-size heavy particles at particle concentration ranging from 0.84% to 2.36% are used to develop improved drag correlations which account for the effect of turbulence on drag enhancement. First, the contribution of drag nonlinearity to drag enhancement for the turbulent flow over a fixed sphere is analyzed with the consideration of velocity fluctuation anisotropy. The nonlinear drag enhancement is generally smaller than the actual drag enhancement in our numerical simulations. Second, several models for turbulence correction are presented with different choice of model parameters, and it is found that the turbulent intensity normalized by the mean slip velocity and the particle size normalized by the Kolmogorov scale are most important for modeling the effect of turbulence on particle drag, while the anisotropy of fluctuating velocity and the particle Reynolds number are less important.
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