Journal
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 204, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2023.112474
Keywords
Antifungal; Anthracnose; Plant defense; Heat shock; Mango; Streptomyces hygroscopicus
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This study evaluated the antifungal actions of S. hygroscopicus metabolites tanespimycin and rapamycin against mango anthracnose. The results showed that these metabolites significantly inhibited fungal growth and enhanced plant resistance by regulating the expression of heat shock proteins in mango. Furthermore, tanespimycin and rapamycin extended the shelf life of mango without deteriorating fruit quality.
Postharvest mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit suffer tremendous loss due to anthracnose inflicted by Colletotrichum spp. Fungicides and heat treatment are often used to control the disease, while biocontrol agents are ecofriendly alternatives. Streptomyces are antagonistic organisms against plant pathogens; however, the mechanisms and active components are unclear. Here, we evaluated the antifungal actions of S. hygroscopicus metabolites tanespimycin and rapamycin against anthracnose. Within the range of 0.01-0.1 & mu;M, tanespimycin and rapamycin reduced fungal growth by at least 60.4% and 40.4%, respectively in vitro. In mango fruit, tanespimycin upregulated MiHSP101, MiHSP90, MiHSP70, and MiHSP18.2 by 5.8-, 1.9-, 4.8-, and 3.3-fold, respectively, and increased HSP101 and HSP70 protein by 2.2-fold. On the other hand, rapamycin did not affect HSP expression. Pathogen-challenge assays revealed tanespimycin and rapamycin exerted antifungal and defense-eliciting dual actions, where pre-challenge treatment of tanespimycin and rapamycin inhibited pathogen growth by 73.7% and 78.4%, respectively in mango 5 d post infection. Finally, in a 20 degrees C storage experiment, tanespimycin and rapamycin extended the fruit shelf life by 6 d and exerted comparable antifungal effects as hot water treatment without deteriorating fruit quality. In conclusion, we elucidated the antifungal and defense-eliciting actions of S. hygroscopicus metabolites and revealed mechanistic discrepancies regarding HSP regulation. These findings support the development of new disease management strategies and advance the knowledge regarding the roles of HSP in crop defense.
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