Emergence of Time from Quantum Interaction with the Environment

Article Chemistry, Physical

Beyond semiclassical time

Leonardo Chataignier

Summary: The study demonstrates that the usual Born-Oppenheimer type of approximation used in quantum gravity is unitary, at least up to the next-to-leading order in minisuperspace models. It also shows that the conserved inner product is gauge-fixed in relation to the choice of semiclassical time, implying that the Born-Oppenheimer approach to the problem of time is an instance of a relational quantum theory.

ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION A-A JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES (2022)

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Article Astronomy & Astrophysics

Trinity of relational quantum dynamics

Philipp A. Hohn et al.

Summary: The study establishes an equivalence among three quantum dynamics approaches, solving the problem of time in quantum gravity. By developing a quantization procedure and establishing the algebraic properties of relational observables, the nonmonotonic issue of realistic quantum clocks is resolved.

PHYSICAL REVIEW D (2021)

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Article Quantum Science & Technology