4.6 Article

Multi-parameter distributed fiber optic sensing using double-Brillouin peak fiber in Brillouin optical time domain analysis

Journal

OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 31, Issue 22, Pages 36590-36602

Publisher

Optica Publishing Group
DOI: 10.1364/OE.498141

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This paper presents a multi-parameter fiber sensing system based on a double-Brillouin peak specialty fiber with enhanced Brillouin gain response. Compared to other multi-Brillouin peak fibers, the proposed fiber significantly reduces measurement errors and improves strain and temperature accuracy. Successful discriminative measurement of strain and temperature is achieved by utilizing the sensitivity values of each Brillouin gain spectrum peak. The double-Brillouin peak fiber can serve as an alternative to other fibers for strain and temperature measurement, eliminating the need for complex monitoring setups and reducing measurement errors. It is highly recommended for long-distance natural gas pipeline monitoring where discriminative strain and temperature measurement is crucial.
In this paper, we demonstrate a multi-parameter fiber sensing system based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in a double-Br illouin peak specialty fiber with enhanced Brillouin gain response. The amplitude level of the second Brillouin gain peak, which originated from the higher-order acoustic modes, has been improved with an approximately similar amplitude level to the first Brillouin gain peak from the fundamental acoustic mode. Compared to other multi-Br illouin peak fibers presented in the literature, the proposed fiber significantly reduces the measured Brillouin frequency shift error, thus improving strain and temperature accuracies. By utilizing the sensitivity values of the strain and temperature associated with each Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) peak, a successful discriminative measurement of strain and temperature is performed with an accuracy of +/- 13 mu epsilon, and +/- 0.5 degrees C, respectively. The proposed double-Br illouin peak fiber appears to be a possible alternative to other multi-BGS peak fibers, for instance, large effective area fiber and dispersion compensating fibers, which are inherently accompanied by large measurement errors due to the weak Brillouin gain values originating from the higher-order acoustic modes. The demonstrated results show different strain and temperature coefficients of 47 kHz/mu epsilon, 1.15 MHz/degrees C for peak 1 and 51 kHz/mu epsilon, 1.37 MHz/degrees C for peak 2. Moreover, the enhanced BGS peak gains having nearly the same amplitude levels enable the discriminative measurement of strain and temperature. Such fibers in Brillouin interrogation eliminate the need for complex monitoring setups and reduce measurement errors. We recommend that for long-distance natural gas pipeline monitoring, where discriminative strain and temperature measurement is crucial, the proposed double-Br illouin peak fiber can be highly beneficial.

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