Journal
MOLECULAR ORAL MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 24-34Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/omi.12152
Keywords
biofilm; Candida; dental caries; diet; matrix; microbiome; saliva; Streptococcus
Categories
Funding
- National Institute for Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health [1R01DE025220-01]
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2014/05423-0]
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [14/05423-0] Funding Source: FAPESP
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Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases affecting children worldwide. ECC is an aggressive form of dental caries, which, left untreated, can result in rapid and extensive cavitation in teeth (rampant caries) that is painful and costly to treat. Furthermore, it affects mostly children from impoverished backgrounds, and so constitutes a major challenge in public health. The disease is a prime example of the consequences arising from complex, dynamic interactions between microorganisms, host, and diet, leading to the establishment of highly pathogenic (cariogenic) biofilms. To date, there are no effective methods to identify those at risk of developing ECC or to control the disease in affected children. Recent advances in deep-sequencing technologies, novel imaging methods, and (meta)proteomics-metabolomics approaches provide an unparalleled potential to reveal new insights to illuminate our current understanding about the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. In this concise review, we provide a broader perspective about the etiology and pathogenesis of ECC based on previous and current knowledge on biofilm matrix, microbial diversity, and host-microbe interactions, which could have direct implications for developing new approaches for improved risk assessment and prevention of this devastating and costly childhood health condition.
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