4.6 Review

Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease: a causal perspective

Related references

Note: Only part of the references are listed.
Editorial Material Cell Biology

Socioeconomic inequalities in the Pace of Aging

Stephanie Schrempft et al.

AGING-US (2023)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Falling down the rabbit hole? Methodological, conceptual and policy issues in current health inequalities research

Michelle Kelly-Irving et al.

Summary: Persistent health inequalities pose challenges to researchers and policymakers. This paper highlights the tensions in the field of health inequalities research and discusses potential solutions. By analyzing evidence and debating key issues, it provides insights into causality, welfare systems, and policies addressing health inequalities.

CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH (2023)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The causal effects of education on adult health, mortality and income: evidence from Mendelian randomization and the raising of the school leaving age

Neil M. Davies et al.

Summary: Previous studies have tried to determine whether education causes differences in later health outcomes or whether other factors ultimately cause differences in education and subsequent outcomes. This study compared two natural experiments: a policy reform raising the school leaving age in the UK in 1972 and Mendelian randomization. The results showed consistent positive effects of education on various outcomes, including diabetes, stroke, heart attack, mortality, smoking, income, grip strength, height, body mass index (BMI), intelligence, alcohol consumption, and sedentary behavior, but a negative impact on moderate exercise.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2023)

Editorial Material Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Genetics and causality in the educational attainment-coronary artery disease relationship

Aysu Okbay

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2022)

Article Economics

Causal mediation analysis in economics: Objectives, assumptions, models

Viviana Celli

Summary: This paper reviews methodological advancements in the literature on causal mediation in economics, specifically quasi-experimental designs, defining parameters of interest, main assumptions, and identification strategies under the counterfactual approach, and presenting Instrumental Variables (IV), Difference-in-Differences (DID), and Synthetic Control (SC) methods.

JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS (2022)

Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of COVID-19

Yan Xie et al.

Summary: Individuals with COVID-19, even those who were not hospitalized during the acute phase of the infection, are at an increased long-term risk of various cardiovascular disorders. A study using national healthcare databases found that beyond the first 30 days after infection, individuals with COVID-19 have an elevated risk of developing cerebrovascular disorders, heart diseases, and other cardiovascular complications. The risk increases depending on the care setting during the acute phase.

NATURE MEDICINE (2022)

Article Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications

Sibling Comparison Studies

Arvid Sjolander et al.

Summary: This article provides an extensive overview of statistical analysis methods for sibling comparison studies and discusses various methodological challenges that arise in such studies.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF STATISTICS AND ITS APPLICATION (2022)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Educational Attainment and Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Luyan Gao et al.

Summary: This study used a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal association between higher education and the risk of ischemic stroke (IS). The results showed that higher education was associated with a reduced risk of IS, providing genetic evidence for the potential protective effect of education.

FRONTIERS IN GENETICS (2022)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effect of Expanding the Earned Income Tax Credit to Americans Without Dependent Children on Psychological Distress The Paycheck Plus Health Study Randomized Controlled Trial

Emilie Courtin et al.

Summary: The study shows that antipoverty policies can improve mental health, and increasing the Earned Income Tax Credit for low-income Americans without dependent children can reduce psychological distress, especially for women and noncustodial parents.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Social Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease

Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley et al.

Summary: Social determinants of health have a significant impact on the development of cardiovascular disease and its outcomes, but their influence is not fully understood. This review aims to further investigate the relationship between social determinants of health and cardiovascular disease, and provide a framework for future research and interventions.

CIRCULATION RESEARCH (2022)

Article Genetics & Heredity

Polygenic prediction of educational attainment within and between families from genome-wide association analyses in 3 million individuals

Aysu Okbay et al.

Summary: In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to investigate the genetic factors associated with educational attainment (EA). The results identified numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are significantly correlated with EA. Furthermore, a polygenic predictor (PGI) was found to explain a substantial portion of the variation in EA and contribute to disease risk prediction. Intriguingly, the correlation between mate-pair PGIs suggests additional assortment mechanisms. However, no significant SNPs were identified in separate analyses of dominance deviations and the X-chromosome.

NATURE GENETICS (2022)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Producing Change to Understand the Social Determinants of Health: The Promise of Experiments for Social Epidemiology

Lisa F. Berkman et al.

Summary: This commentary discusses the addition of randomized experiments and natural experiments in the social epidemiologist's toolbox. These approaches transform the way social exposures are defined and questioned, and have significant public health and policy implications. The authors focus on randomized controlled trials and natural experiments and highlight their potential to advance our understanding of how social exposures impact health and address health inequalities.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Trends and Disparities in Cardiometabolic Health Among US Adults, 1999-2018

Meghan O'Hearn et al.

Summary: This study investigated the trends in optimal cardiometabolic health in the United States from 1999 to 2018. The results showed that the proportion of U.S. adults with optimal cardiometabolic health was low and declining, with only 6.8% of adults in optimal health.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2022)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The social determinants of ideal cardiovascular health: A global systematic review

Farah Qureshi et al.

Summary: This systematic review examines the impact of social determinants on ideal cardiovascular health globally, with education and income being the two most frequently studied factors. The study also found that individuals with higher social status are more likely to have higher levels of cardiovascular health.

ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2022)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Determinants of Intima-Media Thickness in the Young The ALSPAC Study

Scott T. Chiesa et al.

Summary: The study found that among young people, fat-free mass and systolic blood pressure are the only modifiable risk factors positively associated with cIMT, while fat mass is negatively associated with cIMT. Cumulative exposure to these factors during adolescence can affect changes in cIMT, and risk factor-associated differences in the radial artery mainly occur in the media layer.

JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING (2021)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular health in the COVID-19 pandemic

Jeremy Naylor-Wardle et al.

Summary: Socioeconomic status has a significant impact on general health and cardiovascular health, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lower socioeconomic status individuals are more prone to cardiovascular diseases, and comorbidity with CVD is higher among COVID-19 patients. The pandemic has disproportionately affected individuals with lower socioeconomic status and ethnic minority groups.

HEART (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Socioeconomic position and cardiovascular mortality in 63 million adults from Brazil

Poppy Alice Carson Mallinson et al.

Summary: The study found significant social inequalities in cardiovascular mortality in different states of Brazil based on educational status, with individuals in lower socioeconomic groups experiencing the highest risk of cardiovascular disease regardless of the stage of national economic development.

HEART (2021)

Article Economics

Maternal education and child health: Causal evidence from Denmark

Jacob Nielsen Arendt et al.

Summary: The study examines the impact of maternal education on children's life and health, using a Danish school reform as a natural experiment. The reform and maternal education have positive effects on mothers' age at first birth and maternal health, but no systematic causal effects on child health are found. This null finding is robust across different model specifications.

JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS (2021)

Article Economics

The effects of income on health: Evidence from lottery wins in Singapore

Seonghoon Kim et al.

Summary: This study estimates the causal effects of household income on self-reported health status by using random variations in lottery prizes. It finds that an increase in income via lottery wins improves individuals' health mainly by increasing consumption spending and overall life satisfaction.

JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Mendelian randomisation for mediation analysis: current methods and challenges for implementation

Alice R. Carter et al.

Summary: Mediation analysis aims to explain how an exposure affects an outcome, with Mendelian randomisation (MR) offering improved causal inference. This paper outlines two approaches for mediation analysis with MR: multivariable MR (MVMR) and two-step MR, which are not affected by confounding and measurement errors according to simulations.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2021)

Review Multidisciplinary Sciences

The association between socioeconomic status and pandemic influenza: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Svenn-Erik Mamelund et al.

Summary: The study aimed to explore the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and disease outcomes in the last five influenza pandemics, demonstrating that individuals with lower SES had higher disease burden in both the 1918 and 2009 pandemics. There were significant differences in the association between SES and influenza outcomes across studies, suggesting the need to consider social vulnerability in preparing for future pandemics.

PLOS ONE (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Patterns in COVID-19 Vaccination Coverage, by Social Vulnerability and Urbanicity — United States, December 14, 2020–May 1, 2021

Vaughn Barry et al.

MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT (2021)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Race, ethnicity, community-level socioeconomic factors, and risk of COVID-19 in the United States and the United Kingdom

Chun-Han Lo et al.

Summary: This study found that compared with non-Hispanic White participants, the risk for a positive COVID-19 test was increased for non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic participants in the US, and for Black, South Asian, and Middle Eastern participants in the UK. This elevated risk was associated with living in more deprived communities according to the NDI/IMD indices.

ECLINICALMEDICINE (2021)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Trends of biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in the United States by income: Disparities between the richest 20% and the poorest 80%,1999-2018

Salma M. Abdalla et al.

Summary: The study found increasing disparities in cardiovascular disease biomarkers by income in the US. Between 1999 and 2018, improvement in biomarkers overwhelmingly occurred among the richest 20%.

SSM-POPULATION HEALTH (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Trends and Disparities in Cardiometabolic Health Among US Adults, 1999-2018

Meghan O'Hearn et al.

Summary: According to the study, cardiometabolic health trends in the United States have been poor and worsening between 1999 and 2018, with only 6.8% of adults having optimal cardiometabolic health. Disparities in health outcomes by age, sex, education, and race/ethnicity were evident and generally worsened over time. This highlights the need for nationwide clinical and public health interventions to improve cardiometabolic health and health equity.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2021)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Progress in reducing inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality in Europe

Chiara Di Girolamo et al.

HEART (2020)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Win-Win: Reconciling Social Epidemiology and Causal Inference

Sandro Galea et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2020)

Review Health Care Sciences & Services

Can Social Policies Improve Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 38 Randomized Trials

Emilie Courtin et al.

MILBANK QUARTERLY (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Association of Educational Attainment With Adiposity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Min Cao et al.

FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

SES inequalities in cause-specific adult mortality: a study of the long-term trends using longitudinal individual data for Sweden (1813-2014)

Enrico Debiasi et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Commentary: Mendelian randomization and education-Challenges remain

Andrew McMartin et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2020)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Socio-economic status and COVID-19-related cases and fatalities

R. B. Hawkins et al.

PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Prevalence by Income Level in the United States

Salma M. Abdalla et al.

JAMA NETWORK OPEN (2020)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990-2019 Update From the GBD 2019 Study

Gregory A. Roth et al.

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY (2020)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Understanding the consequences of education inequality on cardiovascular disease: mendelian randomisation study

Alice R. Carter et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2019)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Genetically modulated educational attainment and coronary disease risk

Lingyao Zeng et al.

EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL (2019)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Education protects against coronary heart disease and stroke independently of cognitive function: evidence from Mendelian randomization

Dipender Gill et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2019)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Longer schooling but not better off? A quasi-experimental study of the effect of compulsory schooling on biomarkers in France

Emilie Courtin et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2019)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The C-Word: Scientific Euphemisms Do Not Improve Causal Inference From Observational Data

Miguel A. Hernan

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2018)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Outcomes Challenges and Interventions

William M. Schultz et al.

CIRCULATION (2018)

Editorial Material Multidisciplinary Sciences

Repeating experiments is not enough

Marcus R. Munafo et al.

NATURE (2018)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Understanding and misunderstanding randomized controlled trials

Angus Deaton et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians

Neil M. Davies et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2018)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Reading Mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians

Neil M. Davies et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2018)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Sex differences in the relationship between socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kathryn Backholer et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2017)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Childhood social class and cognitive aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging

Malin Ericsson et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Education and coronary heart disease: mendelian randomisation study

Taavi Tillmann et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Education and coronary heart disease: mendelian randomisation study

Taavi Tillmann et al.

BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (2017)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Disease: an Update

Carlos de Mestral et al.

CURRENT CARDIOLOGY REPORTS (2017)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Association of Coronary Artery Calcium in Adults Aged 32 to 46 Years With Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Death

John Jeffrey Carr et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2017)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Research: Introducing the E-Value

Tyler J. VanderWeele et al.

ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE (2017)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The educational gradient in cardiovascular risk factors: impact of shared family factors in 228,346 Norwegian siblings

Inger Ariansen et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2017)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Mediation Analysis: A Practitioner's Guide

Tyler J. VanderWeele

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 37 (2016)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Commentary: Two-sample Mendelian randomization: opportunities and challenges

Debbie A. Lawlor

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2016)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Educational differences in cardiovascular mortality: The role of shared family factors and cardiovascular risk factors

M. K. R. Kjollesdal et al.

SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2016)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The physiological impacts of wealth shocks in late life: Evidence from the Great Recession

Courtney Boen et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2016)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Seasonal Influenza Infections and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

Jennifer L. Nguyen et al.

JAMA CARDIOLOGY (2016)

Article Economics

WEALTH, HEALTH, AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT: EVIDENCE FROM ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ON SWEDISH LOTTERY PLAYERS

David Cesarini et al.

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS (2016)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Might extended education decrease inequalities in health?-a meta-analysis

Sofia Ljungdahl et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2015)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Educational attainment and adult health: Under what conditions is the association causal?

Jennifer Karas Montez et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2015)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Childhood family background and mortality differences by income in adulthood: fixed-effects analysis of Finnish siblings

Lasse Tarkiainen et al.

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2015)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Genetics and intelligence differences: five special findings

R. Plomin et al.

MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY (2015)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

A life course approach to cardiovascular aging

Rebecca Hardy et al.

FUTURE CARDIOLOGY (2015)

Article Economics

The role of maternal education in child health: Evidence from a compulsory schooling law

Pinar Mine Guenes

ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION REVIEW (2015)

Review Medicine, General & Internal

The Epidemic of the 20th Century: Coronary Heart Disease

James E. Dalen et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2014)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Fixed effects analysis of repeated measures data

Fiona Imlach Gunasekara et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2014)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Early Childhood Investments Substantially Boost Adult Health

Frances Campbell et al.

SCIENCE (2014)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Are the educational differences in incidence of cardiovascular disease explained by underlying familial factors? A twin study

Mia Madsen et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2014)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Another casualty of sibling fixed-effects analysis of education and health: An informative null, or null information?

Stephen E. Gilman et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2014)

Article Economics

Parental Education and Offspring Outcomes: Evidence from the Swedish Compulsory School Reform

Petter Lundborg et al.

AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-APPLIED ECONOMICS (2014)

Review Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Main findings from the prospective Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study

Markus Juonala et al.

CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY (2013)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

What types of interventions generate inequalities? Evidence from systematic reviews

Theo Lorenc et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2013)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Does Shared Family Background Influence the Impact of Educational Differences on Early Mortality?

Grethe Sondergaard et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2012)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Education and adult cause-specific mortality-examining the impact of family factors shared by 871 367 Norwegian siblings

Oyvind Naess et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2012)

Review Clinical Neurology

Socioeconomic Status and Stroke An Updated Review

Juliet Addo et al.

STROKE (2012)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Sibling Analysis of Adolescent Intelligence and Chronic Diseases in Older Adulthood

Markus Jokela et al.

ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (2011)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Social Determinants and the Decline of Cardiovascular Diseases: Understanding the Links

Sam Harper et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH, VOL 32 (2011)

Letter Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

DAGitty A Graphical Tool for Analyzing Causal Diagrams

Johannes Textor et al.

EPIDEMIOLOGY (2011)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Socioeconomic position and incidence of acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis

Edison Manrique-Garcia et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2011)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Neighborhoods, Obesity, and Diabetes - A Randomized Social Experiment

Jens Ludwig et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2011)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Is Socioeconomic Status of the Rearing Environment Causally Related to Obesity in the Offspring?

Kevin R. Fontaine et al.

PLOS ONE (2011)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Money, schooling, and health: Mechanisms and causal evidence

Ichiro Kawachi et al.

BIOLOGY OF DISADVANTAGE: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND HEALTH (2010)

Editorial Material Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Injustice is killing people on a large scale-but what is to be done about it?

Jennie Popay et al.

JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2010)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Employment relations, social class and health: A review and analysis of conceptual and measurement alternatives

Caries Muntaner et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2010)

Article Economics

Parental Education and Child Health: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Taiwan

Shin-Yi Chou et al.

AMERICAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL-APPLIED ECONOMICS (2010)

Article Medicine, General & Internal

Combination Therapy Versus Monotherapy in Reducing Blood Pressure: Meta-analysis on 11,000 Participants from 42 Trials

David S. Wald et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2009)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Health Disadvantage in US Adults Aged 50 to 74 Years: A Comparison of the Health of Rich and Poor Americans With That of Europeans

Mauricio Avendano et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2009)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Effects of a Prekindergarten Educational Intervention on Adult Health: 37-Year Follow-Up Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Peter Muennig et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH (2009)

Review Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease: risks and implications for care

Alexander M. Clark et al.

NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY (2009)

Article Clinical Neurology

Factors Explaining Excess Stroke Prevalence in the US Stroke Belt

Youlian Liao et al.

STROKE (2009)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Is the association between childhood socioeconomic circumstances and cause-specific mortality established? Update of a systematic review

B. Galobardes et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2008)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Is inequality at the heart of it? Cross-country associations of income inequality with cardiovascular diseases and risk factors

Daniel Kim et al.

SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE (2008)

Review Psychology, Multidisciplinary

Intelligence and socioeconomic success: A meta-analytic review of longitudinal research

Tanno Strenze

INTELLIGENCE (2007)

Article Economics

The effects of cognitive and noncognitive abilities on labor market outcomes and social behavior

James J. Heckman et al.

JOURNAL OF LABOR ECONOMICS (2006)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 2)

B Galobardes et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2006)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Indicators of socioeconomic position (part 1)

B Galobardes et al.

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH (2006)

Article Geriatrics & Gerontology

Cardiovascular risk factors in youth with implications for aging: The Bogalusa Heart Study

GS Berenson et al.

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING (2005)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Evaluating the evidence for models of life course socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review

RA Pollitt et al.

BMC PUBLIC HEALTH (2005)

Article Genetics & Heredity

The effects of human population structure on large genetic association studies

J Marchini et al.

NATURE GENETICS (2004)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The effectiveness of early childhood development programs - A systematic review

LM Anderson et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (2003)

Review Pharmacology & Pharmacy

Use of biomarkers and surrogate endpoints in drug development and regulatory decision making: Criteria, validation, strategies

LJ Lesko et al.

ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY (2001)