Journal
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 8, Pages 6490-6506Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0136-4
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; Nanomedicine; Anthocyanin-PEG-goldnanoparticles; Synaptic dysfunction; Neurodegeneration
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Funding
- Pioneer Research Center
- National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning [2012-0009521, 2016M3C7A1904391]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2012-0009521] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Nanomedicine is an emerging research area. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective efficacy of anthocyanin-loaded polyethylene glycol-gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) for enhancing the neuroprotective efficacy of anthocyanins in an amyloid beta (A beta)(1-42) mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. We observed that both anthocyaninloaded PEG-AuNPs and anthocyanins treatment (12 mu g/g/day for 14 days) ameliorated memory impairments in the A beta(1-42)-injected mice. However, the anthocyanin-loaded PEG-AuNPs were more effective than free anthocyanins. Anthocyanin-loaded PEG-AuNPs protected pre-and post-synaptic proteins from A beta(1-42)-induced synaptic dysfunction. Interestingly, the anthocyanin-loaded PEG-AuNPs also regulated the p-PI3K/p-Akt/p-GSK3 beta pathway and, as a result, prevented the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein at serines 413 and 404 in the A beta(1-42)-injected mice. Western blot results of cytochrome c, Bax/Bcl2, caspases and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 expression levels, and immunohistochemical Nissl and Fluoro-Jade B staining also indicated that the anthocyanin-loaded PEG-AuNPs inhibited apoptosis and neurodegeneration in the A beta(1-42)-injected mice. Our results suggest that the conjugation of dietary polyphenolic compounds with gold nanoparticles, such as anthocyanin-loaded PEG-AuNPs, is a novel approach that may represent an important and promising nanomedicine strategy to prevent age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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