Stimuli-responsive switchable MRI nanoprobe for tumor theranostics

With the advancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, traditional single T1 or T2 contrast agents struggle to meet the demend for accuracy imaging. In comparison, novel dual-mode contrast agents that possess T1-T2 ability, have the potential to provide excellent imaging applications, due to their cap-ability of self-confirmation and cross-validation of MRI signal, ultimately resulting in improved accuracy of MRI imaging. Unlike traditional MRI contrast agents, which yield constant signal, causing excessive back-ground noise, responsive MRI probes are designed to provide signals that change in response to stimuli. The use of stimuli-activated MRI probes combined with switchable T1-T2 MRI can lead to highly selective and excellent contrast effects for MRI contrast agents. This review focuses on the responsive and switchable MRI probe types, highlights the mechanism of MRI signal transformation, evaluates their application in tumor imaging or therapies, and provides a brief prediction of the future development tendencies and challenges associated with switchable MRI probes.& COPY; 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Automated summary

With the advancement in MRI technology, traditional contrast agents struggle to meet accuracy imaging demands, but novel dual-mode contrast agents with T1-T2 ability provide better imaging applications and improved accuracy. Responsive MRI probes, unlike traditional agents, change signals in response to stimuli, leading to highly selective and excellent contrast effects. This review focuses on responsive and switchable MRI probe types, highlighting their mechanism, application in tumor imaging, and future development trends and challenges.