Journal
MOLECULES
Volume 28, Issue 15, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155625
Keywords
marennine; Haslea ostrearia; endo-1,3-beta-glucanase; beta-glucan; hydrolysis; computational study
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Marennine is a blue pigment produced by Haslea ostrearia, and it has biological activities that cause oysters to turn green. Other blue diatoms also produce similar pigments with similar activities. These diatoms have commercial potential in various industries. However, the exact molecular structure of marennine has remained a mystery for a hundred years. Recent research found that it is a macromolecule mainly composed of carbohydrates with a complex composition, specifically containing 1,3-beta-glucan.
Marennine, a blue pigment produced by the blue diatom Haslea ostrearia, is known to have some biological activities. This pigment is responsible for the greening of oysters on the West Coast of France. Other new species of blue diatom, H. karadagensis, H. silbo sp. inedit., H. provincialis sp. inedit, and H. nusantara, also produce marennine-like pigments with similar biological activities. Aside from being a potential source of natural blue pigments, H. ostrearia-like diatoms present a commercial potential for the aquaculture, food, cosmetics, and health industries. Unfortunately, for a hundred years, the exact molecular structure of this bioactive compound has remained a mystery. A lot of hypotheses regarding the chemical structure of marennine have been proposed. The recent discovery of this structure revealed that it is a macromolecule, mainly carbohydrates, with a complex composition. In this study, some glycoside hydrolases were used to digest marennine, and the products were further analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS). The reducing sugar assay showed that marennine was hydrolyzed only by endo-1,3-beta-glucanase. Further insight into the structure of marennine was provided by the spectrum of H-1 NMR, MS, a colorimetric assay, and a computational study, which suggest that the chemical structure of marennine contains 1,3-beta-glucan.
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