Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Therapeutic Potential in Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Implications

Cellular signaling pathways involved in the maintenance of the equilibrium between cell proliferation and apoptosis have emerged as rational targets that can be exploited in the prevention and treatment of cancer. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most abundant phenolic compound found in green tea. It has been shown to regulate multiple crucial cellular signaling pathways, including those mediated by EGFR, JAK-STAT, MAPKs, NF-& kappa;B, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, and others. Deregulation of the abovementioned pathways is involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. It has been demonstrated that EGCG may exert anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-inducing effects or induce epigenetic changes. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical studies suggest that EGCG may be used in the treatment of numerous disorders, including cancer. This review aims to summarize the existing knowledge regarding the biological properties of EGCG, especially in the context of cancer treatment and prophylaxis.

Automated summary

Cellular signaling pathways play a significant role in maintaining the balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis, making them rational targets for cancer prevention and treatment. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major phenolic compound in green tea, has been shown to regulate important cellular signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of cancer. EGCG has demonstrated anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and apoptosis-inducing effects, as well as the ability to induce epigenetic changes. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that EGCG may have therapeutic potential for various disorders, including cancer.