Could vaccinating adults against malaria materially reduce adult mortality in high-transmission areas?

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Child, maternal, and adult mortality in Sierra Leone: nationally representative mortality survey 2018-20

Ronald Carshon-Marsh et al.

Summary: The study found that in Sierra Leone, malaria is the leading cause of death in children and adults, accounting for 22% of deaths under 70 years old in 2020. Other infectious diseases accounted for an additional 16% of deaths. Maternal mortality ratio was 510 deaths per 100,000 livebirths, and neonatal mortality rate was 31.1 deaths per 1000 livebirths, both among the highest in the world. Half of the deaths occurred in rural areas and at home. If other regions had the lower death rates observed in the Western region, about 20,000 deaths could have been avoided.

LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH (2022)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The Virtues and Vices of Pfs230: From Vaccine Concept to Vaccine Candidate

Patrick E. Duffy

Summary: Pfs230 is currently the target of the most advanced candidate for a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine. It is expressed in the mosquito midgut and gametes lacking Pfs230 cannot bind to red blood cells. Human antibodies can lyse gametes in the presence of complement.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Increasing challenges of malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa: Priorities for public health research and policymakers

Habeebullah Jayeola Oladipo et al.

Summary: The increasing cases and mortality due to malaria, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, pose a significant public health threat. This review emphasizes the challenges in malaria control, such as drug resistance and vector resistance, as well as the limited efficacy and availability of vaccines. It highlights the need for reassessment of research priorities and increased investment in vaccine production and distribution in sub-Saharan Africa.

ANNALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY (2022)

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Article Medicine, General & Internal

Evidence of Artemisinin-Resistant Malaria in Africa

Betty Balikagala et al.

Summary: Research conducted in Northern Uganda revealed the emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains, with predominant mutations found in the kelch13 gene. Thirteen patients were infected with P. falciparum parasites carrying mutations in the A675V or C469Y allele, which were associated with prolonged parasite clearance half-lives.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2021)

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Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health