Enhanced energy-storage properties in Zr4+-modified (Bi0.4Ba0.2K0.2Na0.2)TiO3 high-entropy ceramics

Recently, high-entropy perovskite oxides (HEPOs) have received increasing interest for energy storage applications owing to their unique structure, huge composition space, and promising properties. However, designing HEPOs with improved energy storage performance remains a challenge. In this study, various HEPOs were designed by partially replacing Zr4+ for Ti4+ in (Bi0.4Ba0.2K0.2Na0.2)TiO3 medium-entropy ferroelectric ceramics. The resulting ceramics exhibited a pseudo-cubic structure. With increasing Zr4+ content, the ceramics gradually transformed into relaxor ferroelectrics. The energy storage performance of the ceramics depended on the Zr4+ content. The sample with 20 mol% Zr4+ showed the best energy storage performance with a maximum reversible energy density of 2.47 J/cm(3) and an energy storage efficiency of 82.3% at a low applied electric field (224 kV/cm). This study obtained a promising material for the new generation dielectric energy storage capacitors and provided a novel method for enhancing energy storage performance.

Automated summary

Recently, high-entropy perovskite oxides (HEPOs) have gained attention for energy storage applications due to their unique structure, wide composition range, and promising properties. However, enhancing the energy storage performance of HEPOs is still a challenge. In this study, HEPOs were designed by partially substituting Zr4+ for Ti4+ in (Bi0.4Ba0.2K0.2Na0.2)TiO3 medium-entropy ferroelectric ceramics. The resulting ceramics exhibited a pseudo-cubic structure and showed improved energy storage performance with increasing Zr4+ content. The sample with 20 mol% Zr4+ demonstrated the best energy storage performance, with a maximum reversible energy density of 2.47 J/cm(3) and an energy storage efficiency of 82.3% at a low applied electric field (224 kV/cm). This study provides a promising material for the development of next-generation dielectric energy storage capacitors and introduces a novel method for enhancing energy storage performance.