Journal
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
Volume 27, Issue 16, Pages 2576-2589Publisher
AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1091/mbc.E16-05-0331
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health Office of Research Infrastructure Programs [P40 OD010440]
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences Grant [1R01GM-079421]
- National Institutes of Health Training Grant [T32 GM007377]
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In a wide range of eukaryotes, chromosome segregation occurs through anaphase A, in which chromosomes move toward stationary spindle poles, anaphase B, in which chromosomes move at the same velocity as outwardly moving spindle poles, or both. In contrast, Caenorhabditis elegans female meiotic spindles initially shorten in the pole-to-pole axis such that spindle poles contact the outer kinetochore before the start of anaphase chromosome separation. Once the spindle pole-to-kinetochore contact has been made, the homologues of a 4-mu m-long bivalent begin to separate. The spindle shortens an additional 0.5 mu m until the chromosomes are embedded in the spindle poles. Chromosomes then separate at the same velocity as the spindle poles in an anaphase B-like movement. We conclude that the majority of meiotic chromosome movement is caused by shortening of the spindle to bring poles in contact with the chromosomes, followed by separation of chromosome-bound poles by outward sliding.
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