Journal
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
Volume 49, Issue -, Pages 23-30Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.04.003
Keywords
Oxysterols; 25-Hydroxycholesterol; 27-Hydroxycholesterol; Enveloped virus; Non-enveloped viruses; Antiviral; Innate immunity
Funding
- Ricerca Locale Finanziata dall'Universita degli Studi di Torino [RILO2015]
- Fondazione CRT [2015.2662]
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Oxysterols are a family of cholesterol oxidation derivatives that contain an additional hydroxyl, epoxide or ketone group in the sterol nucleus and/or a hydroxyl group in the side chain. The majority of oxysterols in the blood are of endogenous origin, derived from cholesterol via either enzymatic or non-enzymatic mechanisms. A large number of reports demonstrate multiple physiological roles of specific oxysterols. One such role is the inhibition of viral replication. This biochemical/biological property was first characterised against a number of viruses endowed with an external lipid membrane (enveloped viruses), although antiviral activity has since been observed in relation to several non-enveloped viruses. In the present paper, we review the recent findings about the broad antiviral activity of oxysterols against enveloped and non-enveloped human viral pathogens, and provide an overview of their putative antiviral mechnism(s). (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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