Related references
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Article
Immunology
Yen-Fang Huang et al.
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the duration of neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 convalescents and factors associated with the titer positive duration. The results showed that after more than a year, only 25% of convalescent individuals still had positive titers. Longer follow-up duration was associated with lower neutralizing antibody titers, and disease severity and smoking were associated with higher risk of negative titers. These findings provide reference for vaccinations.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
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Samuel M. S. Cheng et al.
Summary: Specific antibody levels against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant decrease significantly after two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines, but can be markedly increased with a booster dose of BNT162b2. Individuals who previously received two doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac showed reduced serum antibody titers against Omicron, while a BNT162b2 booster dose increased the antibody levels in the majority of individuals. This suggests mRNA vaccine boosters may be necessary in countries primarily using CoronaVac vaccines to combat the spread of Omicron.
Article
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Peter B. Gilbert et al.
Summary: In the COVE phase 3 clinical trial, neutralizing and binding antibodies were measured in vaccine recipients to determine their correlation with COVID-19 risk and vaccine efficacy. The results showed that these immune markers were inversely associated with COVID-19 risk and directly associated with vaccine efficacy. Postvaccination neutralization titers of 10, 100, and 1000 correlated with estimated vaccine efficacies of 78%, 91%, and 96% respectively.
Article
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John P. Evans et al.
Summary: The declining efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and the emergence of variants resistant to vaccine-induced immunity have sparked a debate on the need for booster vaccine doses. A study found that the Omicron variant spike protein can almost completely escape neutralizing antibodies produced by recipients of only two mRNA vaccine doses.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
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Yang Yang et al.
Summary: Understanding the dynamics of neutralizing antibody responses in COVID-19 convalescents is crucial for controlling the pandemic and guiding vaccination strategies. This study showed that neutralizing antibody titers in COVID-19 convalescents peaked around 120 days after illness onset and subsequently declined, but detectable levels of antibodies were still present in most convalescents after 400-480 days.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
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Deborah Cromer et al.
Summary: By analyzing data on in-vitro neutralization and clinical protection, the study found that neutralizing activity against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 is highly correlated with neutralization of variants of concern, and can still predict the vaccine's protection against these variants. Simulation results suggest that booster vaccination for previously infected individuals can provide higher levels of protection compared to primary vaccination. Although the protection may decrease within the first year after vaccination, the current vaccines can still offer robust protection in the medium term.
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Chloe Dimeglio et al.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
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Haidong Wang et al.
Summary: This study estimated excess mortality from the COVID-19 pandemic in 191 countries and territories, as well as 252 subnational units in selected countries from Jan 1, 2020, to Dec 31, 2021. The findings showed that globally, there were 18.2 million excess deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic during this period. The highest excess mortality rates were observed in countries such as India, the USA, Russia, Mexico, Brazil, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Article
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Tim K. Tsang et al.
Summary: This study analyzes influenza antibody dynamics and develops an algorithm to improve the identification of influenza virus infections. The authors find that HAI titers increase after infection but decrease by 14% per year. Children have a higher infection risk compared to younger adults, and a higher pre-epidemic HAI titer provides greater protection against infection.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
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Oliver J. Watson et al.
Summary: A study quantified the global impact of the first year of COVID-19 vaccination programs, finding that the vaccination has substantially altered the course of the pandemic, saving tens of millions of lives globally. However, inadequate access to vaccines in low-income countries has limited the impact, reinforcing the need for global vaccine equity and coverage.
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Medicine, General & Internal
Nicole P. Hachmann et al.
Summary: A small study found that omicron subvariants BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 of SARS-CoV-2 were more likely to evade neutralizing antibodies induced by both vaccination and previous infection compared to the prior omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Oliver J. Watson et al.
Summary: The study estimated that COVID-19 vaccination has prevented millions of deaths globally between December 8, 2020, and December 8, 2021. Achieving the vaccination coverage targets set by COVAX and WHO could have prevented even more deaths. However, limited access to vaccines in low-income countries has hindered the impact, highlighting the importance of global vaccine equity.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David S. Khoury et al.
Summary: The level of neutralizing antibodies is closely related to immune protection against COVID-19, playing a crucial role in protecting against detected infection and severe infection. Studies have shown that neutralizing titers will decline over time after vaccination, leading to decreased protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma C. Wall et al.
