Micro/nanoscale bone char alleviates cadmium toxicity and boosts rice growth via positively altering the rhizosphere and endophytic microbial community

This present study investigated pork bone-derived biochar as a promising amendment to reduce Cd accumulation and alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stress in rice. Micro/nanoscale bone char (MNBC) pyrolyzed at 400 degrees C and 600 degrees C was synthesized and characterized before use. The application rates for MNBCs were set at 5 and 25 g center dot kg(-1) and the Cd exposure concentration was 15 mg center dot kg(-1). MNBCs increased rice biomass by 15.3-26.0% as compared to the Cd-alone treatment. Both types of MNBCs decreased the bioavailable Cd content by 27.4-54.8%; additionally, the acid-soluble Cd fraction decreased by 10.0-12.3% relative to the Cd alone treatment. MNBC

Automated summary

This study investigated the use of pork bone-derived biochar as an amendment to reduce Cd accumulation and oxidative stress in rice. Micro/nanoscale bone char synthesized at different temperatures was characterized before use. It was found that the application of MNBCs increased rice biomass and decreased the bioavailable and acid-soluble Cd content in the soil.