Synthesis of sodium-alginate capped silver nanocomposite microgel beads via bio-reduction featuring multifunctional antibacterial and apoptotic properties in human prostate cancer

The present investigation deals with biogenic perilla plant extract synthesis mediated silver nanocomposites (AgNPs) micro-gel beads using different methods. The nanocomposites were characterized using ultra-violet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The stability of NPs has been validated by DLS analysis and zeta potential values. The antimicrobial efficiencies of the synthesized composites were determined against Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and demonstrated high potential in antibacterial activity compared to negative control. Moreover, among all one nanocomposite was tested in vitro for its cytotoxic potentiality against HeLa, A549, LNCaP, and MCF7 carcinoma and non-cancer IMR-90 cells, and found to demonstrate significant cytotoxicity in tested cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, with the least side effect on normal IMR-90. Our results also indicated that cytotoxic effect due to nanocomposite was found to be highest in LNCaP cells, and considering that further apoptotic activity was carried out using ROS expression, caspase-3 expression, apoptotic analysis and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining in LNCaP cells.

Automated summary

The present study synthesized silver nanocomposites (AgNPs) micro-gel beads using biogenic perilla plant extract and different methods. The characterization of the nanocomposites was done using various techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM, TEM, and TGA. The synthesized composites showed high potential in antibacterial activity and significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, with minimal side effects on normal cells.