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Summary: This article summarizes the classification and preparation methods of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) derived materials, as well as their wave absorption mechanisms. It also details the advantages and disadvantages of these materials in electromagnetic wave absorption research and provides a reference for further studies.
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(2023)
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(2023)
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Kunyao Cao et al.
Summary: An ultralight Ni-MOF-rGO aerogel with broad bandwidth and strong absorption, as well as lightweight and thin matching thickness, was fabricated through hydrothermal treatment, freeze-drying, and annealing. The composite achieved outstanding microwave absorption performance with a thickness of 1.9 mm and 2 wt% filling content, showing strong absorption (-51.19 dB) and broad effective absorption bandwidth (6.32 GHz). The unique multiple layered structure of GO and the hollow core-shell structure of Ni@C microsphere contribute to the extraordinary microwave absorption performance.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
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Bo Jiang et al.
Summary: In order to solve the issue of electromagnetic pollution and protect human safety, the development of electromagnetic waves absorbing materials is necessary. Carbon materials, with their abundant species, low density, tunable conductivity, and outstanding mechanical property, are of particular interest in the field of electromagnetic protection technology. In recent years, a large number of carbon-based absorbers with desirable characteristics have been synthesized and investigated. This review provides a detailed description of electromagnetic waves attenuation mechanisms, summarizes strategies to optimize the electromagnetic protection effect of carbon-based absorbers, discusses the multifunctional requirements of absorbing materials in practical applications, and presents the challenges and prospects of carbon-based protection materials for reference in the development of high-performance absorbers.
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Kaili Fu et al.
Summary: This study designs and synthesizes a novel composite material LaFeO3-decorated nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide aerogel (LFO/N-rGO) by a simple hydrothermal method. The LFO/N-rGO achieves broadband absorption and strong electromagnetic wave absorption capability. The maximum effective absorption bandwidth is 6.72 GHz with a strong reflection loss of -64.5 dB at 9.2 GHz. The enhanced multiple reflections and multi-scattering, enhanced interfacial polarization process, proper conduction loss, and optimized impedance matching characteristics contribute to the excellent microwave absorption capability of the LFO/N-rGO composite.
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Luo Kong et al.
Summary: In order to adapt to the constantly changing application environment of electromagnetic wave absorbing materials, a resilient CNTs/CNF-WPU layered composite aerogel with adjustable performance was prepared. It has a directional arrangement layered structure, resulting in good stability of EMW absorption performance. By compressing and releasing the aerogel, the absorption frequency band can be reversed from low frequency to high frequency, providing an efficient path to explore new smart EMW absorber.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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Danqiang Huang et al.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2023)
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Yongqiang Guo et al.
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Summary: Organic aerogels, which are highly porous and ultralight materials, have diverse applications in thermal insulation, energy storage, and chemical absorption. A new type of polyimine aerogels containing reversible chemical bonds has been developed to address the environmental concerns and low thermal stability of conventional organic aerogels. These recyclable and bio-based polyimine aerogels exhibit excellent properties such as low shrinkage, high porosity, large surface area, thermal stability, and flame resistance, making them promising candidates for advanced and sustainable superinsulating materials.
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Hongyi Xu et al.
Summary: We have successfully fabricated N-doped carbon fibers with vertically grown N-doped carbon nanotubes using electrospinning technique and high-temperature carbonization process. Experimental and theoretical studies have shown that this hierarchical structure exhibits excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance and provides an efficient solution for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption.
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Wenjian Wang et al.
Summary: Conventional strategies for developing broadband electromagnetic wave absorbing materials have mainly focused on multi-component hybrid materials. In this study, a new approach is proposed, which utilizes an organic-inorganic superlattice structure composite to modulate the heterogeneous interface at the molecular scale, achieving hyperpolarization loss and enhancing the microwave absorption performance.
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Chang Liu et al.
Summary: High-performance and lightweight carbon-based electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials are essential for aerospace and next-generation electronics. A simple and scalable technique was used to self-assemble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-aminophenyl)porphyrin nickel (Ni-TAPP) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) via pi-pi interactions. The resulting Ni-TAPP@CNTs nanocomposites integrated Ni active sites and conductive networks, and exhibited excellent impedance matching and optimized dielectric loss. This work offers an efficient strategy for scalable fabrication of lightweight, durable EMW absorbing materials.
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Sadeq Malakooti et al.
Summary: This study examines the effect of incorporating fabrics into the matrix of polyimide aerogels during the gelation process. It is found that carbon fabric-based composites outperform ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene fabric-based counterparts. The addition of one carbon fabric reduces the out-of-plane thermal conductivity of the aerogel composites by approximately half at room temperature.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
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Chang Liu et al.
Summary: This research efficiently utilizes sustainable cellulose nanofibril (CNF) to facilitate the preparation of ultralight, high-porosity carbon nanotube (CNT) hybrid aerogel-based electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. CNF not only acts as a green surfactant to prevent CNT agglomeration, but also functions as a supporting matrix or binder to construct porous CNT-based aerogels. The resulting hybrid aerogels exhibit highly promising EMW absorption performance, outperforming other reported CNT-based EMW absorbers.
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Xiaoxiao Zhao et al.
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Yunfeng Bao et al.
Summary: In this study, a nonmagnetic lightweight honeycomb rGO/Ti3C2Tx MXene aerogel nanocomposite was successfully fabricated. It exhibited a unique structure and excellent electromagnetic wave-absorbing performance. With a filler loading of only 5 wt%, the nanocomposite achieved a minimum reflection loss of -74.01 dB (99.99997% wave absorption) at 14.77 GHz and a thickness of only 1.80 mm. Computer simulation data showed that the nanocomposite-covered model had the smallest radar cross section, indicating a favorable radar wave attenuation capacity. Therefore, these nonmagnetic nanocomposites have great potential as efficient lightweight EMW absorbers.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
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Materials Science, Textiles
Dharmendra Nath Pandey et al.
Summary: The present study strategically designed multilayer shields to enhance absorption properties in microwave frequency range. Factors such as number of layers and composition were found to significantly influence the overall electromagnetic shielding effectiveness.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Review
Polymer Science
Jianjun Yin et al.
Summary: Fabrics, as basic materials with specific properties, have been widely used in electromagnetic wave protection and control due to their low density, mechanical properties, and designability. Different types of fabrics have been identified and the research on fabric structure needs to be improved to meet the requirements of different electromagnetic properties and application conditions.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ming Qin et al.
Summary: Comprehensive views on dielectric loss mechanisms provide important guidance for understanding the attenuation behavior of materials. Current researches focus more on materials synthesis rather than in-depth mechanism study. Therefore, further research on in-depth mechanisms, emphasis on new dielectric loss mechanisms, and new modulation strategies are needed to achieve simple and effective EM wave attenuation behavior modulation.
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Chemistry, Physical
Luo Kong et al.
Summary: For non-magnetic materials, polarization and conductivity loss are crucial factors affecting electromagnetic wave absorption properties. The study focuses on heterogeneous interfacial polarization, using carbon nanotubes/pyrolytic carbon hollow microspheres (CNTs/PyC HMs) with numerous interfaces. The crystallization degree of CNTs can be adjusted, leading to enhanced conductivity differences and interfacial polarization intensity. CNTs/PyC HMs with a special hollow structure exhibit excellent dielectric loss capability, making them suitable for electromagnetic wave absorption applications.
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Zhixin Cai et al.
Summary: Efficient electromagnetic wave absorption is important for safe utilization of electromagnetic wave technologies. Aerogels with 3D continuous and highly porous network structure, compared to powder-based materials, have demonstrated coordinate impedance matching and attenuation characteristics. This study reports the preparation and properties of an assembled aerogel with hierarchically network structure composed of carbon microtube, SiC nanowires, and Ni nanoparticles. The aerogel exhibits low density, broad absorption bandwidth, strong reflection loss, and good electromagnetic wave absorption performance.
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Long Ni et al.
Summary: Polyimide/carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite aerogels with aligned slit-like channels structure were successfully synthesized, showing anisotropic electrical conductivity, electromagnetic wave absorption, and compression properties. One composite aerogel exhibited minimal reflection loss at 12.8 GHz and wide effective absorption bandwidth, demonstrating great potential for aerospace applications.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
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Dawei Hu et al.
Summary: In this study, an ultralight three-dimensional aerogel assembled with two-dimensional Ti3C2Tx and one-dimensional Kevlar nanofibers was fabricated via freeze-drying followed by annealing. The aerogel exhibited a broad effective absorption bandwidth and strong anticorrosive ability, and demonstrated excellent comprehensive properties including anti-compressive performance, hydrophobicity, and high absorption capacities for organic liquids.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
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Zhenjun Wang et al.
Summary: Using biomass as raw material to prepare porous carbon is an environmentally friendly method to deal with electromagnetic pollution. In this study, a porous Ni@BPC-based composite material was synthesized, and the electromagnetic parameters of the composites were effectively tuned. The synthesized composite with a 3D porous structure exhibited remarkable enhancement of microwave absorption, showing potential applications in microwave absorption.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
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Hui Ji et al.
Summary: This study prepared glass-coated amorphous magnetic microwires (GAWs) in the form of filament fibers (LFs) and short fibers (SFs) with different electromagnetic (EM) performance. LFs acted as EM shielding materials, while SFs demonstrated excellent microwave-absorbing (MA) properties. The MA properties of SFs could be controlled by adjusting their length, content, and lamination.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
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Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Na Chen et al.
Summary: Ni particles are successfully prepared in this work, and Ni@C is subsequently designed and fabricated, both of which exhibit excellent performance in electromagnetic wave absorption, showing potential for future applications.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
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Zhen Shan et al.
Summary: This study prepared three two-dimensional MOFs using a hydrothermal method and investigated their electromagnetic wave absorption properties and absorption mechanisms. The hexagonal prismatic rod-shaped Cu3(HHTP)2 showed superior absorption performance compared to Zn/Ni3(HHTP)2, with a wide absorption bandwidth comparable to carbonized MOF-derived materials.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
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Chemistry, Physical
Yashan Huo et al.
Summary: The Ni/SiC/C composite nanofibers synthesized through electrospinning and sputtering show significantly improved electromagnetic wave absorption performance, with optimal reflection loss achieved in the C-band.
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
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Ji-You Zong et al.
Summary: The developed fabric integrates silver nanowire, ferroferric oxide nanoparticles, and polydimethylsiloxane onto a commercial fabric, providing excellent EMI shielding and passive radiation heating functions. With a high solar energy absorptivity and low mid-infrared emissivity, the fabric can effectively heat the human body without requiring electricity, while also offering a super-high EMI shielding property. This multifunctional fabric has the potential to expand the application scope of current EMI shielding fabrics and protect the human body from both electromagnetic radiation harm and cold climate injury.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
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Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Zhou et al.
Summary: Graphene composite aerogels exhibit excellent microwave absorption properties and are a versatile material. By utilizing various dielectric and conductive mechanisms, the material's microwave absorption performance is enhanced. The material not only has outstanding absorption properties, but also performs well in terms of mechanical properties and heat resistance.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Meng Zhu et al.
Summary: This study developed an anisotropic MXene@Wood nanocomposite aerogel with EMI shielding and EM absorbing properties in different directions by modifying natural wood, assembling f-Ti3C2Tx nanosheets, and achieving ideal structural load carrying capacity at the parallel growth direction and high compressibility at the vertical growth direction simultaneously.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Baolei Wang et al.
Summary: Developing high-efficiency microwave absorption materials is crucial for solving electromagnetic pollution issues, with carbon/magnetic metal composites being promising candidates for high-performance microwave absorbers. Understanding the mechanisms of microwave absorption and exploring the preparation methods and properties of these composites indicate great potential for the future development of high-performance microwave absorption materials.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
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Chemistry, Physical
Yuxin Zuo et al.