A triple immunochromatographic test for simultaneous determination of cardiac troponin I, fatty acid binding protein, and C-reactive protein biomarkers

The authors describe an immunochromatographic test for the rapid detection of cardiac dysfunction by quantifying the cardiac markers troponin I (TnI), fatty acid binding protein (FABP), and C-reactive protein (CPR) in serum. The dynamics of the formation of the immuno-complexes between antibodies (labeled with gold nanoparticles) and analytes (biomarkers) during immunochromatography was studied, and requirements are specified in terms of membrane carriers and reaction medium that are necessary to detect these biomarkers with their varying intracellular localizations and physical and chemical properties. The test can be performed within 10 min and enables TnI to be determined in concentrations of >= 1.0 ng mL(-1), FABP in concentrations of >= 3.8 ng mL(-1), and CPR in concentrations of >= 600 ng mL(-1). The results of the new test system correlated well with those obtained by ELISAs as used in cardiodiagnostics. It is emphasized here that simultaneous control of several myocardial biomarkers provides more information on the dynamics and development of the pathological process and enables more effective therapeutic decisions.