Unconventional order/disorder behaviour in Al-Co-Cu-Fe-Ni multi-principal element alloys after casting and annealing

The effect of Cu concentration on the order/disorder behaviour of the AlCoCuxFeNi (x = 0.6 to 3.0) multi-principal element alloys was investigated. BCC and/or FCC phases were observed in the microstructures of the alloys after casting and annealing at 1050 degrees C followed by slow cooling. Interesting is that the alloys form ordered structures after casting and disordered structures after annealing and slow cooling, while the opposite would be expected. The ordering in the as-cast state is explained by the strong affinity of Al to transition metals, which results in the formation of supercell structures having sublattices occupied by certain elements only. Disordering after annealing has two reasons. Either the phase is composed of nearly pure element (Cu) and is disordered by default or it is composed of randomly distributed nano-segregated regions within a single phase resulting in a uniform distribution of all elements in the sublattices and therefore appearing to be macroscopically disordered. The reason for the formation of such nano-segregated areas might reside in the reduction of Gibbs free energy due to the annealing by the interplay between enthalpy and entropy.

Automated summary

The effect of Cu concentration on the order/disorder behavior of AlCoCuxFeNi multi-principal element alloys was investigated. BCC and/or FCC phases were observed in the microstructures of the alloys after casting and annealing at 1050 degrees C followed by slow cooling. Interestingly, the alloys exhibited ordered structures after casting and disordered structures after annealing and slow cooling, contrary to expectations. The ordering in the as-cast state can be explained by the strong affinity of Al to transition metals, resulting in the formation of supercell structures with specific elements occupying sublattices. Disordering after annealing has two reasons: the phase is either composed of nearly pure Cu and defaults to disorder, or it consists of randomly distributed nano-segregated regions within a single phase, appearing macroscopically disordered due to the uniform distribution of all elements in the sublattices. The formation of these nano-segregated regions may be due to the reduction of Gibbs free energy through the interplay of enthalpy and entropy during annealing.