Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles for biological applications

The up-to-date growth of nanoscience and nanotechnology has focused on various applications of metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) in different fields, such as life sciences, pharmaceutical industries, and research laboratories. Due to their excellent properties and use in diverse areas (e.g., nanomedicine and biomedical sciences), metal oxide NPs, particularly cupric oxide (CuO) NPs, play an important role among all NPs. There are different ap-proaches to synthesizing CuO NPs: physical, chemical, and biological. Physicochemical methods are highly toxic, expensive, and energy-intensive, whereas biological synthesis is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, reliable, and simple method for synthesizing CuO NPs. This review discusses the various green synthesis methods of CuO NPs and their biological applications, mainly anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-cancer, drug delivery, and biosensor applications for encountering multiple diseases, based on the current findings to better understand the prospect of green NPs being employed on a larger scale.

Automated summary

This review discusses the various green synthesis methods of CuO NPs and their biological applications, mainly including anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-cancer, drug delivery, and biosensor applications. The current findings are used to better understand the prospect of green NPs being employed on a larger scale.