Journal
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
Volume 62, Issue 44, Pages 18350-18361Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c02480
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The alkylation of acetone with butanol was optimized to achieve high acetone conversion and high C11 selectivity with low catalyst loading.
Sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) can be produced from renewable carbon sources via fermentation to short-chain oxygenates, followed by alkylation and hydrodeoxygenation. In this study, the alkylation of acetone with butanol as representative fermentation-derived compounds was optimized and characterized using a benchmark Pd/C catalyst and K3PO4 as a base additive, aiming for an enhanced conversion of acetone and maximized selectivity toward 6-undecanone (C11). Process optimization was performed via a multivariate analysis by modifying the temperature, catalyst loading, and base loading, with optimal conditions found to be 150 degrees C, 0.5 wt % Pd/C, and 15 wt % K3PO4, respectively. Notably, the low Pd/C loading provided unprecedentedly high C11 selectivity (70.2%) with high acetone conversion (94.1%), thereby proving satisfactory reaction performance with lower catalyst loadings than previously reported. Furthermore, the optimized two-step alkylation process was modeled, providing rate constants of 0.0715 h(-1) M-2 and 0.0347 h(-1) M-1, respectively, assuming first-order kinetics for the solvent butanol.
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