Journal
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
Volume 172, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113147
Keywords
Plant-based milks; Bovine milk alternatives; Triacylglycerol molecular species; Discrimination; LC; MS Q -TOF; Untargeted lipidomic analysis
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Consumption of plant-based milk as part of a healthy diet is growing. This study utilized lipidomic analysis to examine the molecular species of triacylglycerol (TG) in almond, soy, and coconut beverages. Significant differences in TG profiles were observed between milk alternatives and bovine milk. Biomarkers for milk differentiation were identified, providing potential for authentication and detection of adulteration.
Nowadays, plant-based milk consumption, as part of a healthy diet, is continuously increasing. In this paper, for the first time a lipidomic analysis on molecular species of triacylglycerol (TG) fraction of plant-based beverages (almond, soy, coconut) was performed by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A total of 557 TG molecular species was measured, showing significantly different profiles between milk alternatives, compared with bovine milk. The most abundant TG molecular species were TG 18:1_18:1_18:1 and 18:1_18:1_18:2 for almond, TG 18:2_18:2_18:2 and 16:0_18:2_18:2 for soy, TG 12:0_10:0_12:0 and 12:0_12:0_14:0 for coconut. Unconventional fatty acids were detected in almond and soy. The main TG with ethereal linkage were TG-O 56:2, TG-O 56:4, and TG-O 56:5, while the main oxygenated TG was TG 54:5;1O. A total of 30 molecular species were identified as biomarkers for milk differentiation by principal component analysis, providing an interesting support for milk authentication and detection of adulteration on a larger sampling.
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